文档介绍：“非谓语动词”考点透析
非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词。是历年高考考查的重点语法项目之一。
一、考查非谓语动词做主语
能作主语的非谓语动词有不定式和动名词。二者的区别:表示某一具体动作时,多用不定式;表示比较抽象的一般行为倾向时,多用动名词。动名词作主语时通常位于句首;不定式作主语则位于句末,用it作形式主语放在句首。
例:It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ____the answers ready will be of great help.(2005北京卷)
have had had C. Have D. Having
解析此题考查非谓语动词作主语。A、B项分别是不定式和动名词的完成式,而will be great help则表明动作并未发生,应用动名词的一般式。答案为D。
二、考查非谓语动词作宾语
不定式和动名词都可作动词或介词的宾语。
1. 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语,如:want, wish, hope, manage, demand, promise, refuse, pretend, plan, offer, decide, agree, expect等。
例:I don’t want ____like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.(2005天津卷)
sound be sounded have sounded
解析 want后面接不定式,不接动名词作宾语, sound是系动词, 不能用被动语态。答案为A。
2. 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语,如:admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgive, imagine, keep, mind, miss, resist, risk, suggest, deny等。
例:I can’t stand_____ with Jane in the same office. She just refuse ____talking while she works. (2006北京卷)
; stopping work ; stopping C. working ; to stop D. to work ; to stop
解析 stand表示“容忍,忍爱”时,后面接动名词; refuse后面只能接不定式做宾语。答案为C。
3. 有些动词后既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词作宾语,意义上无多大区别,如love, like, hate, prefer, intent, start, continue等。如:
I intent to finish/finishing thetask this morning.
4. 有些动词后既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词作宾语,但意义上有区别。et, remember, mean, regret, stop, try等,后接不定式表示未做,接动名