文档介绍：基于AIS的船舶避碰数据采集系统设计
摘要
AIS ( Automatic Identification System)是工作在VHF海上频段的船舶和岸基广播数据传输系统。它是一种可在船与船之间以及船与岸之间交换数字信息的工具。本文首先对AIS及基于AIS船舶避碰系统进行简介,对AIS的基本组成、基本功能,AIS的工作过程、通信协议、技术标准、本课题国内外研究动态等进行综述。研究了基于AIS的船舶数据采集系统,从静态信息:船长及宽度、船舶类别及AIS定位仪天线在船舶所处位置等;动态信息:精确及完整的船舶位置对地航线、对地速度、船首向和转向速度等;航行相关信息:船舶吃水、目的地、计划航行路线等;安全相关的短信息:重要的航行警告或重要的气象警告等进行整体的研究及分析。
本文先对数据结构进行分析,从本船传感器提取的信息数据主要有DGPS数据、Gyro数据、Log数据等。由DGPS数据可以得到船舶对地航向、对地航速、GPS位置信息。由Gyro数据还可以得到转向率,由Log数据可以得到航速。对这些数据进行滤波处理,可进一步得到更准确、可靠的数据。针对接收到的数据,设计了模块电路:鉴频电路的设计,采用了互感耦合鉴频器。解码电路的设计,用FSK调制解调电路进行说明,并对其相关的原理进行了介绍。采用了C5402DSP芯片,并对它的功能,模块流程图进行了详细的介绍。本文还采用了RS-485接口电路和LCD显示电路的设计。最后还进行软件流程的设计,并编译部分相关的程序。
关键词:船舶避碰;AIS;数据采集
Abstract
AIS (Automatic Identification System) is a work in VHF marine band radio to ships and shore-based data transmission is in between vessels and between vessels and shore exchange of digital information article first AIS and AIS-based collision avoidance system profile, the ponents of the AIS, the basic function, AIS of the work process, communication protocols, technical standards, application research of this topic are AIS ship-based data acquisition system, from static information: the captain and the width of the AIS ship type and ship locator antenna location, etc.; dynamic information: accurate plete location of the land routes of ships, and ground speed, the bowto speed and steering; navigation information: draft,ships,destination,plannednavigationroutes; security-related short message: important navigational warnings or important meteorological warnings to the overall research and analysis.
This article first analyzes the structure of the data from the ship sensor information data extracted mainly DGPS data, Gyro Data, Log data can be obtained by the ship-to-ground course, ground speed, GPS location from the Gyro can be turned to the rate of speed by the Log data can be of these data, further more accurate and reliable data.