文档介绍：数控机床加工中的***补偿摘要数控机床通常连续实行各种切削加工,刀架在换刀时前一***刀尖位置和新换的***位置之间会产生差异,***安装也存在误差、***磨损和刀尖圆弧半径等误差,若不利用***补偿功能予以补偿,就切削不出符合图样要求形状的零件。此外,合理利用***补偿还可以简化编程。数控机床的***补偿可分为两类,即***位置补偿和***半径补偿。关键词数控机床;加工;***补偿【目录】1绪论·······················································32***补偿的提出··················································33全功能数控机床系统中***补偿·····································***补偿·······················································································································84数控车床不具备***半径补偿功能时的***补偿计算····················································································································································***半径补偿(G41、G42、G40)································(G39)··············································***长度偏置(G43、G44、G49)································135经济型数控机床中***轨迹的计算··································***中心(刀位点)轨迹的计算···································································14结论······························································14参考文献··························································C系统通过控制刀架的参考点实现加工轨迹,但实际上切削时是使用刀尖或刀刃边缘完成的,这样就需要在刀架参考点与***切削点之间进行位置偏置,从而使数控系统的控制对象由刀架参考点变换到刀尖或刀刃边缘。这种变换的过程就称之为***补偿。2***补偿的提出用立铣刀在数控机床上加工工件,可以清楚看出***中心运动轨计与工件轮廓不重合,这是因为工件轮廓是立铣刀运动包络形成的。立铣刀的中心称为***的刀位点(4、5坐标数控机床称为刀位矢量),刀位点的运动轨计即代表***的运动轨迹。在数控加工中,是按工件轮廓尺寸编制程序,还是按刀位点的运动轨迹尺寸编制程序,这要根据具体情况来处理。在全功能数控机床中,数控系统有***补偿功能,可按工件轮廓尺寸进行编制程序,建立、执行刀补后,数控系统自动计算,刀位点自动调整到***运动轨迹上。直接利用工件尺寸编制加工程序,***磨损,更换加工程序不变,因此使用简单、方便。经济型数控机床结构简单,售价低,在生产企业中有一定的拥有量。在经济型数控机床系统中,如果没有***补偿功能,只能按刀位点的运动轨迹尺寸编制加工程序,这就要求先根据工件轮廓尺寸和***直径计算出刀位点的轨迹尺寸。因此计算量大、复杂,且***磨损、更换需重新计算刀位点的轨迹尺寸,重新编制加工程序。3全功能数控机床系统中******补偿数控车床***补偿功能包括***位置补偿和***圆弧半径补偿两方面。在加工程序中用T功能指定,TXXXX中前两个XX为***号,后两个XX为***补偿号,如T0202。如果***补偿号为00,则表示取消刀补。***位置补偿加工过程中,若使用多把***,通常取刀架中心位置作为编程原点,即以刀架中心为程序的起始点,如图1所示,而***实际移动轨迹由***位置补偿值控制。由图1(a)可见,***位置补偿包含***几何补偿值和磨损补偿值。图1***位置补偿由于存在两种形式的偏移量,所以***位置补偿使用两种方法:一种方法是