文档介绍：无机化学双语教学
备课资料
2006 年 2 月
第 1 页 2006-02-22 1
Chapter One Nitrogen Family (Group Ⅴ)
Central contents:
1. Know the general properties of elements of the nitrogen group and inert electron pair effect
2. Know the reactions of ammonia, understand the thermal position trend of ammonium
salts
3. Know the properties of nitrous acid and nitrites; understand the structure of nitric acid and
nitrate radical; understand the thermal position trend of nitrates
4. Know well the properties of phosphoric acid and phosphates
5. Know the properties of oxides of As, Sb, Bi and their hydrates; understand the properties of
sulfides of As, Sb, Bi; know the trends of pounds
6. Understand the properties of the salts of As, Sb, Bi
+ - - 3- 3+
7. Understand the identification methods for NH4 , NO2 , NO3 , PO4 and Bi
第 2 页 2006-02-22 2
Section One The General Properties of Elements of the Nitrogen Group
1. Know the following:
1) Valence shell configuration ns2np3
2) Nonmetal → metalloid → metal
3) Oxidation number: 0、+3、+5
4) Bonding character
2. Inert electron pair effect:
In the same group, the stability will increase from up to down when the elements have lower
oxidation number; but the stability will decrease from up to down when the elements have higher
oxidation number
第 3 页 2006-02-22 3
Section Two Nitrogen and Its pounds
properties of ammonia and ammonium salts
1) Physical properties of ammonia:
(1) Ammonia is a colorless gas with an exceedingly pungent ordor
(2) Readily soluble in the water, one volume H2O can dissolve seven hundred volumes NH3
(15mol·L-1)
(3) It condenses to a liquid at -33℃ at ambient pressure (25℃/ atm)
(4) When liquid ammonia es gas, it will absorb a great deal of heat, so we can use it as a
refrigeration reagent
(5) Liquid ammonia is in some ways similar to liquid water. Salts dissolve in ammonia to form
conducting solutions, but solubilities are usuall