文档介绍：Environmental economics in action: Guidelines for EIAs
Renmin University 21 October 2004
Haakon Vennemo
haakon.******@
What is ECON and who am I?
A think-tank in Scandinavia with 100 employees
Owned and run by employees
Economics and other social science on problems of current interest
Particularly strong in environment&energy
1/3 of activity outside Europe
I have been in China since 1995
Environmental cost model for China
Climate and local pollution
Air quality master plan Guangzhou City, Shanxi Province
Environment&Development Economics 2001, Energy Policy 2004, Journal of Cleaner Production 2004…
The project background
Background I: Environmental impacts sometimes ignored in economic development
Background II: Cost-benefit evaluation of
Whole project
Mitigation options/modifications
Other changes in project design (location, technology)
Benefits of environmental impacts: Awareness tool
Reveal imperfections in EIA reports
Background II: Current EIA-law emphasises cost-benefit calculation as part of EIA-report
But how?
The project
Project to demonstrate how environmental economic tools can be integrated in EIA-guidelines and practice
Obstacles and good practice
Advice/guidelines for future EIAs
Four case-studies:
Air – power plant Datong, Shanxi Province
Water – wastewater treatment plant
Soil – waste irrigation Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province
Land use – highway construction Chongqing
Integration from an abstract point of view
Activities/sources
Stressors
Environmental media
Receptors
Impacts
Unit valuation
Environmental cost
Valuation linked to description of impacts
Impacts on production activities
Industry (water)
Fishery (water)
Agriculture (water, air, soil, land use)
Forestry (air, soil, land use)
Impacts on materials (air)
Impacts on human health
Respiratory symptoms (air)
Cancer (water, air)
Hepatitis (water) etc.
What are the impacts?
Impacts on biological diversity (air, soil, land use)
Impacts on ecological services (soil, land