文档介绍：延续性动词与非延续性动词
动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如:study, learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。延续性动词的用法很广,常见于现在完成时中的句子中,且常与for,how long,since等引导的表示一段时间的状语或状语从句连用。
表示时间段的短语有:
+一段时间:
eg: for 2 years; for a long time等

since he came here
+时间点名词(+ago)
eg:since last year, since 5 days ago
4. how long
非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词或点动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy, move, happen, marry, arrive/reach, post, fall, break, lose, give, join, receive, hear, hear from, e等。
这类动词不是不能用于完成时态。只是不能用于由how long提问的句子和含有for+一段时间的完成时态中。
常见的这类动词有: go, come, leave, arrive, lose, lend, catch, join, kill, find 等。
例如:1. He has joined the club for a long time. ( 错)
2. He has been a member of the club for a long time. ( 对)
3. His grandfather has died for over 30 years. ( 错)
4. His grandfather has been dead for over 30 years. ( 对)
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用,
如:two years ago; at 5 o'clock;
例: He unfortunately passed away last year. 他去年不幸逝世。
He died 5 years ago.
否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:
I haven't left here for 3 years.
I haven't heard from my parents for a long time.
我有好长时间没收到父母来信了。
He hasn't left home for a week. 他有一个星期没出门了。
如果要与for+ 时间段,since+年份,since+时间段+ago,how long连用时,瞬间性动词要变延续性动词。
延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换
非延续性动词
延续性动词
leave
be away (from)
borrow
keep
buy
have
begin/start
be on
die
be dead
finish
be over
join
be in+组织机构;
be a member of+组织机构
open sth.
keep sth. open
come here
be here
go there
be there
非延续性动词
延续性动词
e
be
come back
be back
come to/get to/ arrive(in/at)/reach/
move to
be (in)/stay(in/at)
live in
go (get) out
be out
put on
wear
fall/e ill
be ill
get up
be up
catch a cold
have a cold
fall asleep
be asleep
get to know
know
wake up/get up
be up
close
be closed
get married
be married
例:他死了三年了。
误:He has died for three years.
正:He has been dead for three years.
正:It is three