文档介绍：2013小升初英语总复****br/>一、名词
表示某一事物,有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。
强调:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断,以免受误导。
1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”:
,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;读音:清辅音后读[s],浊辅音和元音后读[z]。
. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;读音:[iz]。
“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;读音:[z]。
“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives ,thief-thieves;读音:[z]。
“o”结尾的词,分两种情况
1)有生命的+es 读音:[z] 如:mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes
2) 无生命的+s 读音:[z] 如:photo-photos radio-radios
f. 不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
  2、不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量,就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。例如:a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice判断步骤:
                                                  ↗如是am、is或was→原形
读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词
                                                  ↘如是are或were→加s或es
练一练:
1、写出下列各词的复数。
I _________  him _________  this _______   her ______     watch _______   mango_______
child _______ photo ________ diary ______   day________  foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______   box_______  strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______ sandwich ______   man______   woman_______  leaf_______   people________
2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。
(1)Are there two                ( box ) on the table?
(2)I can see some                 ( people ) in the cinema.
(3)How many                 ( day ) are there in a week?
(4)Here’re five                ( bottle ) of                  ( juice ) for you.
(5)This                ( violin ) is hers. Those                ( grape ) are over there.
二、冠  词
冠词是一种虚词,不能独立使用,通常放在名词的前面,分为“不定冠词”和“定冠词”两种。
1、不定冠词:a、an。用在单数名词前,表示“一个,一件……”。an用在以元音“音素”开头的单词前。如: an e-mail, an orange, an old man, an English watch, an hour…
2、定冠词:the。用在单数或者复数名词前。the没有具体意思,有