文档介绍：华中科技大学
硕士学位论文
中国大学通识教育探索——以北京大学为例
姓名:王春春
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:高等教育学
指导教师:余东升
20040505
摘要
本文从历史的角度通过对西方通识教育思想的考察进一步澄清对通识教育
的认识并以我国近代以来高等教育思想的演变为线索分析我国实施通识教育的
背景并在此基础上以北京大学的通识教育改革为例具体分析我国当前研究型大
学通识教育改革的性质经验发展趋势存在的不足及其启示
本文正文分为五个部分第一部分概述大学通识教育思想的形成与发展第二部
分从历史的角度分析我国近代以来的通才教育如何为专业教育所取代即通专教育
之争第三部分则重点阐述改革开放以来我国如何对专业教育进行改造通识教育
思想如何在高等教育中逐渐体现出来第四部分以北大为例详细介绍其通识教育
改革并总结其经验同时分析了其中存在的问题以及其原因第五部分从比较的
角度进一步指出我国研究型大学实施通识教育的历史必然性与可能性最后针对通
识教育进程中的难点提出了一些建议
本文在前人研究的基础上对通识教育的内涵进行了补充指出我国大学通识
教育将经历三个层次并认为我国多数研究型大学目前实施的通识教育尚处于第一
层次少数研究型大学则已经在向第二个层次过渡而要实现第三个层次的通识教
育理想还需要不断的探索与努力

关键词通识教育专业教育研究型大学北京大学

I
ABSTRACT
In this paper, the author tries to clarify the concept of general education on the basis
of the analysis of general education in the history, analyzes the background of general
education in China by describing the development of higher education in China, and
taking Peking University as an example, analyzes the characteristic, experience, trend,
deficiencies, and enlightenment of general education reform in China research
universities.
There are five parts in the main body of this paper. The first part discusses the
formation and development of general education in western history. The second part
analyzes how special education took the place of general education in China higher
education from late 1900s, namely the struggle between general education and special
education. The third part elaborates on the reform of higher education since 1978, during
which period the deficiencies of special education emerged, and thus were rectified
through some educational reform; at the same time the theory of general education
attracted people’s attention gradually. The fourth part takes Peking University as an
example to show how China research universities practice general education step by step,
and then analyzes both of the Peking University’s essful experience and the
difficulties in general education practice. The las