文档介绍：一:名词的分类
专有名词:指某人,某地,某机构等专有的名称,其首字母要大写。
如Hong Kong, China, Bill Clinton, Red Cross
个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体,如 student, book
名普可数名词
词通集体名词:表示若干个体组成的集合体,如:family, school,
group, people
名
词不可数名词物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物,如:cotton, air, tea
抽象名词:表示抽象概念,如:work,happiness, news
二、名词的数
1:可数名词有单、复数形式,规则名词单复数变化:
绝大多数在词尾加s。如: book, books; bag, bags; cup, cups; face, faces.
2)以ch, sh, s, x, o结尾的名词加es。如:
watch, watches; brush, brushes; hero, heroes; class, classes;
3)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改为i,再加es。例如:baby, babies; family, families;
以元音字母+y结尾的名词,直接加s。例如:boy, boys; key, keys
4) 以f或fe结尾的名词,先将f或fe改为v,再加es构成复数形式,
如:leaf, leaves; wife, wives.
2. 不规则名词单复数变化:
(1)单复数同形:
sheep, deer, fish, means, species, works(工厂), Chinese, Japanese, Swiss
(2)改变字母:
man --men, woman --women, policeman --policemen, saleswoman --saleswomen, foot --feet, tooth --teeth, goose --geese, Mouse --Mice , phenomenon --phenomena
(3)增加字母: child --children, ox –oxen
(4)以o结尾的词:加s: photo, radio, piano, zoo, studio, bamboo, o, kangaroo
加es: tomato, potato, hero, Negro, dingo
(5)以f或fe结尾的词:
直接加s:roof, proof, belief, chief, gulf,
变f为v再加es:life, wife, knife, half, leaf, wolf, thief
另外:handkerchief(handkerchiefs或handkerchieves)
3. 名词单复数的特殊情况:
(1) 集体名词只用作复数 police , cattle , people , the youth
(2) 集体名词用作不可数名词: clothing, furniture, luggage (baggage), wealth
(3) 集体名词视具体情况而定单复数:
family, class, population, group,