文档介绍：华中科技大学硕士学位论文
摘要
当今时代是一个注重反思的时代。个人的成长,社会的进步、理论的完善、实
践的合理并不是直线前进的,人们必须经常地自我反思、自我批判方能在正确的方
向上迈步向前。那么什么是反思思维方式呢?本文简要回顾了反思思维的发展脉络,
认为反思思维方式在马克思这里进入了现代形态:实践性反思。本文以黑格尔思辨
的反思为参照,指出实践性反思在反思的主体、对象、立基点、路径、目的等方面
均与以往哲学不同,从而实现了思维史上的重大变革。本文认为实践性反思的本质
及可能性在于人类思维层次的跃迁,要想获得对事物、实践的全面、深刻、本质的
认识,必须立足于事物、实践发展了的高级阶段之上,去对低级阶段的认识进行反
思、批判,使低级阶段的认识成为高级阶段认识的组成部分。实践性反思具有以下
特征:实践性、后思性、前瞻性、反省性、为我性等等,并具有建构性、批判性等
功能,以上内容构成了本文的“理论篇”;那么,在人类的现实实践活动过程中或之
后,人们具体从何种角度来反思呢?反思的活动结构包括哪些环节呢?本文在最后
一章中提出了实践合理性概念,作者认为人们应该从合理性角度来反思自身的实践
活动,具体说来,实践合理性包括实践目的、过程、结果等方面的合理性,只有从
这些方面反思实践,方可以“以史为鉴”知得失,从而能够形成科学的实践理念去指
导未来的实践。这一章的内容构成了实践性反思的“应用篇”。
关键词: 实践性反思反思实践合理性
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华中科技大学硕士学位论文
Abstract
Modern people pay more attention to reflection of themselves. Personal growth,
social progress and improve of theory, rationality of Practice are not straight advanced,
people must always self-reflection, Self-criticism in order to correct the direction to move
forward. What is the reflection mode of thinking? This paper briefly reviews the historic
development of reflection thinking, and indicates that the reflective thinking here has
entered the modern form: Practical Reflection. Compared with Hegel’s ruminative
reflection, Marx’s philosophy has some different about the subject, object, basis, direction
and purpose of the reflection, thereby realizing major changes of the way of reflection
thinking mode. Practical Reflection’s essence and possibility are contributed to the
transition of human thinking mode. In order to prehensive, profound and
essential understanding of the things and the practice, one must start from the advanced
stage of the development of the things and the practice to criticize the cognition of the low
level stage, so the low-level cognition can be corrected and can e ponent to
the senior-stage cognition. Practical Reflection has the following characteristics:
practicality, thinking from present to the past and forward-looking, introspective and so
fort