文档介绍：Population ics
Medical ics
Population ics investigates ic structure and ic variation among individuals within groups.
Mendelian population is a group of interbreeding individuals, who live in the same place and share mon set of genes (gene pool).
Allelic frequency: a proportion or a percent of allele.
Genotypic frequency: the number of individuals with one particular genotype divided by the total number of individuals in the population.
Gene Frequency &
Genotypic Frequency
Gene Frequency &
Genotypic Frequency
M
N
Genotype: MM 5; MN 7; NN 4
Allelic frequency of M:p =(2×5+7)/(2×16)=
Allelic frequency of N:q =(2×4+7)/(2×16)=
Law of ic Equilibrium
Hardy-Weinberg law
Hardy GH
Weinberg W
Explains how Mendelian segregation influences allelic and genotypic frequencies in a population.
Law of ic Equilibrium
Hardy-Weinberg law
Law of ic Equilibrium
Assumptions
Large population
Random mating
No natural selection
No mutation
No migration
If assumptions are met, population will be in ic equilibrium.
Hardy-Weinberg law
Allele frequencies do not change over generations.
p+q=1
p2+2pq+q2=1
p2: frequency of AA
2pq: frequency of Aa
q2: frequency of aa
Law of ic Equilibrium
Hardy-Weinberg law
Genotypic frequencies will remain in the following proportions:
Law of ic Equilibrium
Hardy-Weinberg law
Allele frequencies do not change over generations.
Genotypic frequencies do not change over generations.
After only one generation of random mating, population will be in ic equilibrium.
f (a) = q
f (A) = 1-q
= q2
Law of ic Equilibrium