文档介绍：The Lower Limb
Pelvis, Thigh, Leg and Foot
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Course: BIOL 1010 Sections 301, 302, 303
Instructor: Eylana Goffe
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Surface Anatomy: Posterior Pelvis
Iliac crest
Gluteus maximus = cheeks
Natal/gluteal cleft = crack
Gluteal folds = bottom of cheek
Surface Anatomy: Anterior Thigh + Leg
Palpate
Patella
Condyles of femur
Femoral Triangle
Sartorius (lateral)
Adductor longus (medial)
Inguinal ligament (superior)
Femoral a + v, lymph nodes
Surface Anatomy: Posterior Leg
Popliteal fossa
Diamond-shape fossa behind knee
Boundaries
Biceps femoris (sup-lat)
Semitendinosis + semimembranosis (sup-med)
emius heads (inf)
Contents
Popliteal a + v
Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
Surface Anatomy: Anterior Leg
Tibia
Tibial tuberosity
Anterior crest
Medial surface
Medial malleolus
Fibula
Lateral malleolus
Bones of Lower Limb
Function
Weight transmission
Support & otion
Muscle attachment
Thigh
Femur
Knee
Patella
Leg
Tibia (medial)
Fibula (lateral)
Foot
Tarsals (7)
Metatarsals (5)
Phalanges (14)
Lower Limb Bones (continued)
Femur
Articulates w/acetabulum (prox)
Articulates w/Tibia & patella (distally)
Tibia
Articulates with fibula proximally + distally
Receives weight from femur
Muscle attachment
Fibula
Receives no weight
Muscle attachment
Not part of knee joint
Stabilizes ankle joint
Interosseous membrane
Foot
Function:
Support weight
Act as lever when walking
Tarsals (posterior ½ )
Talus = ankle
Between tibia + fibula
Articulates w/both
Calcaneus = heel
Attachment for Calcaneal tendon
Carries talus
Metatarsals (anterior ½ )
Homologous to metacarpals
Phalanges (anterior ½)
Smaller, less nimble
3 Arches
Joints of Lower Limb
Hip (femur + acetabulum)
Ball + socket
Multiaxial
Synovial
Knee (femur + patella)
Plane