文档介绍：The Thoracic Cavity
Boundaries of and Structures Within
Cavities
Dorsal body cavity
Ventral body cavity
Abdominopelvic
Abdominal
Pelvic
Divided by Diaphragm
Thoracic
2 Pleural
Mediastinum
Serous membrane = Serosa
Simple squamous epithelium + areolar connective tissue
2 Layers
Outer layer = PARIETAL serosa
Inner layer = VISCERAL serosa
Between them = Serous Cavity containing Serous Fluid
Serous fluid is blood filtrate + secretions by 2 layers of membrane
Allows movement ans with reduced friction
Types of Serous Membranes
Pleural = surrounds lungs
Pericardial = surrounds heart, slightly modified
Peritoneal = surrounds some ans
Pleural Cavities
Pleural Cavities
Surround the lungs
pleural fluid secreted by pleura
holds layers together
reduces friction ans
2 Layers
Parietal pleura (outer)
inner surface of thoracic wall
superior surface of diaphragm
lateral surface of mediastinum
Visceral pleura (inner)
root of lungs marks transition
external surface of lungs
Mediastinum
DIVISIONS
Superior
Inferior
Anterior (ventral)
Posterior (dorsal)
Middle
BOUNDARIES
Lateral = parietal pleura of lungs
Anterior = ventral parietal pleura
Posterior = dorsal parietal pleura
Superior = dome of the neck
Inferior = diaphragmatic pleura
Respiratory Tract
Upper Respiratory Tract
Superior to Larynx
Lower Respiratory Tract
Larynx
Trachea
Primary Bronchi
Secondary Bronchi
Rest of Bronchial Tree
Lungs
Trachea = windpipe
Starts at Larynx and travels through mediastinum
Located Anterior to Esophagus
Trachea terminates into 2 primary bronchi entering lungs
Walls contain 16-20 “C” shaped rings Hyaline Cartilage
Trachealis Muscle (smooth muscle and soft CT)
Layers (deep to superficial)
Mucosa = Ciliated Psuedostratified Epithelium
Submucosa- contains seromucous glands
Adventitia – made of connective tissue, contains cartilage rings
Trachea
Bronchial Tree
Primary (main) Bronchi
Bifurcation of trachea
Basically the same structure
Cartilage plates replace rings
Posterior to pulmonary vessel