文档介绍：Unit 4 Helping people around the world
Grammar and usage
Subjunctive Mood
虚拟语气
虚拟语气 
1) 概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。
2) 在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。
Revision
在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中,表示与事实相反的条件和结果。
1) 与现在事实相反:
If 主语…, 主语+V原
2)与过去事实相反:
If 主语,主语+have V-ed
3)与将来事实相反:
If 主语…, 主语+V原
were
V-ed
should (would
could, might)
should (would
could, might)
should
were to
should (would
could, might)
had V-ed
虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点:
,叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶。
If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.
If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.
。条件从句中有should, were, had三个助动词可以把if省略,并将这三个词提至句首。
If I were you, I would give it up.
Were I you, I would give it up.
If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.
Were it not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.
If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.
Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.
If there should be a flood, what should we do?
Should there be a flood, what should we do?
注意: 在虚拟语气的从句中,动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were",不用was, 即在从句中be用were代替。
If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你,就会去找他。
If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿,一切都会好的。
典型例题 _____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.A. If were IB. I were C. Were I D. Was I
在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意,在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do.
Had you listened to the doctor, you _________ all
right now.
A. are B. were
C. would be D. would have been
2. __________ any change about the date, please tell me
immediately.
A. Will there be B. Should there be
C. There will be D. There should be
3. __________ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave D. If he leave
Pra