文档介绍：E INSTRUCTION
ATROPINE
阿托品
Teacher: Lanlan Zhou
周兰兰
Department: Pharmacology
药理
MUSCARINIC ANTAGONIST
Atropine, block muscarinic receptors, causing
inhibition of all muscarinic functions.
thron apple (曼陀罗)
【Source and chemistry】: alkaloid
生物碱
Stramonium 曼陀罗 Belladonna 颠茄
【 Mechanism 】: block muscarenic receptors
Atropine has a high affinity for muscarinic receptors.
Atropine is both a central and peripheral muscarinic
blocker.
Competition of atropine with acetycholine for the MR
药动学
Absorption: readily
Distribution: blood brain barrier
Metabolism: partially by the liver
Elimination: primarily in the urine
Half-life : 4 hours
Its general actions last about 4 hours except when placed topically in the eye, where the action may last for days.
【 ics 】
:
mydriasis 散瞳
unresponsiveness to light
cycloplegia 调节麻痹
intraocular pressure
2. Gastrointestinal (Gl ): 胃肠道
Reduce activity of the Gl tract —antispasmodic
Hydrochloric acid production is not affected
MYDRIASIS
Eye treated
with atropine
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【 Drug Actions 】
: divergent effects depending on
心血管 the dose
Low doses →Cardiac rate (Bradycardia)
→ blockade of the M1(位于突触前膜)→ACH
higher doses → Cardiac rate ( Tachycardia )
→blocked the MR(位于突触后膜)
at toxic levels→Arterial blood pressure is affected
→ dilate the cutaneous vasculature
system: 泌尿系统
Reduce hypermotility states of
the urinary bladder
: 腺体分泌
Rlocks the salivary glands on the oral
mucous membranes → xerostomia
Sweat →elevated body temperature
Lacrimal glands →xerophthalmia
: 眼
Measurement of refractive errors
Induce an attack to narrow angle a.
agent: 解痉剂
Atropine is used as an antispasmodic agent
to relax the gastrointestinal tract and bladder.
Enuresis → among children
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【 Therapeutic uses 】 临床应用
antidote for cholinergic agonists:解毒剂
Organophosphate 有机磷中毒
Mushroom poisoning 蘑菇中毒
4. Antis