文档介绍：哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文
摘要
在水处理过程中,使用铝盐混凝剂可能会导致出水铝浓度升高。本文对哈
尔滨市磨盘山净水厂各种处理流程的各工艺阶段水中铝的形态分布及浓度变化
进行了研究,通过对水中总铝、溶解铝浓度变化的数据进行分析,发现出水中
余铝浓度高于原水的现象是使用了铝盐混凝剂所引起的,在处理前后水中余铝
平均浓度由 15μg/L 升高至55μg/L,余铝的主要形式为溶解铝,%。
沉淀池、滤池对水中的颗粒铝有很好的去除效果,去除率分别为 .%和 %。
通过分析原水水质特征并研究混凝剂投加量对水中余铝的影响,发现原水
中有机物浓度、混凝剂类型和投加量等因素对出水余铝浓度影响较大。水厂使
用聚合氯化铝为混凝剂,投加量在 65~80mg/L 范围内。数据表明,当混凝剂投
加量较低时,水中余铝浓度也较低,当投加混凝剂量与原水有机物的比值
(PAC /CO DMn)值大于 22 时,就会造成出水余铝浓度上升。通过数据分析,
发现水处理流程中沉后水浊度升高时,余铝容易升高,滤后水浊度与余铝变化
趋势无明显相关性。
壳聚糖是一种天然高分子有机物,作为一种天然无害的混凝剂,越来越受
到人们的重视。本文主要研究单独使用壳聚糖或将壳聚糖作为聚合氯化铝和硫
酸铝的助凝剂,处理低温、低浊磨盘山水的处理效率。结果表明,单独使用壳
聚糖做混凝剂处理磨盘山的原水和自配水(使用高岭土和腐殖酸配制)的效果
较差。采用壳聚糖与聚合氯化铝或硫酸铝联用,壳聚糖投加量在 ~1mg/L 的
范围内,对水中的浊度和余铝都有较好的去除效果,壳聚糖的投加量低,其自
身在出水中残留对水中有机物的浓度影响较小。

关键词:壳聚糖;助凝剂;饮用水;余铝;低温水;低浊水

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哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文
Abstract
One of the current concerns for water treatment plants using Alum as a
coagulant is the higher concentration of residual Aluminium in the finished water.
The objective of this study is to examine the variations of residual Aluminium at the
Mopanshan Water Treatment Plant of Harbin analyzing the data of
Mopanshan Water Treatment Plant with regard to the variations of total/dissolved
Aluminium levels,it is found that the residual Aluminium present in the finished
water was due to the use of PACl as a coagulant. Before and after water treatment,
PACl addition increased the residual Aluminium from 15 to 55 µg/L. It was
observed that a removal rate of % particulate Al was observed at the
sedimentation tanks, and an average of % of particulate Al was further removed
by filtration. For much of the finished water total Aluminium were in dissolved
form(%).
Based on the analysis of the data on total/dissolved Aluminium turbidity,
CODMn present in the raw water and the applied PACl dosage. it is found that PACl
dosage and CODMn of raw water played a major role in controlling residual
Aluminium in the finished water.
When c