文档介绍：哈尔滨工程大学
硕士学位论文
高性能环境γ射线监测器的研制
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:核能科学与工程
哈尔滨上程大学硕士学位论文
摘要
在我们生活的地球上到处存在着辐射,但是用于检测环境本底辐射的监测器却很少。本文介绍了一种高性能的高气压氩气电离室环境 T射线监测器的设计过程。通常,对于气体辐射监测器的设计,工作气体及壁材的能量响应是影响监测器的一个决定因素,工作气体及壁材的选取直接决定着监测器性能的好坏。而在一般的气体辐射监测器的设计中,工作气体及壁材的选取基本上都是通过查阅相关气体及壁材能量响应曲线的工程图表,以确定具体的工作气体及壁材。而对于一些特殊要求或是工程图表中没有的气体及壁材的参数,则需要通过实验来确定。这样使得监测器的研制比较耗费人力物力。为了克服这个设计中的缺点,P及EGSnrc两个核物理计算软件对电离室式监测器建立模型,通过对不同的气体及壁材的性能进行仿真以代替试验的过程,从而选取合适的工作气体及壁材。同时也通过 MCNP及EGSnre模拟了电离室的工作气体压力与监测器的大小对监测器性能的影响。
为防止由于漏电造成的信号损失,本文采用了三同轴绝缘子的方案很好地实现了电离室的绝缘。
由于电离室本身不对电流放大,因此信号的采集较为困难,本文另外介绍了用I/F直接变换的电路以达到信号的转换。
关键词:环境辐射;高气压电离;I/F变换
哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文
Abstract
In our 1iving iS radiation there are fcW radiation monitor used for environment radiation this paper,the design of a high performance ionization chamber filled with high pressure argon monitor for environment gamma ray detect is
,for the design of gas detector,the energy response of the working gas and the material for the chamber is the key element to the detector,and the choosing of the working gas and the material innuent the performance of the detector the process of the design of gas detector,it is usually by the ways of refer to the energy response graphic of the working gas and the material for the chamber to choose the working gas and the material for the in the case that the information of working gas and the material for the chamber iS not experiment iS that will always cost much and need much e this ing in the this paper,the MCNP and EGSnrc code iS used to take the place of the
model iS setup in the MCNP and EGSnrc code pare
the influence of diffcrent working gas and the material for the chamber on the detector,and find the good choices of working gas and chamber material with high performance for the the pressure and the diameter of the detector iS choosed with the simulation of the MCNP and
EG