文档介绍：摘要
全球每年因燃烧化石燃料而排放的CO2达到200亿t左右,由化石能源燃烧产生的CO2总量约占温室气体总量的82%。随着世界各国对地球温室效应问题的关注,CO2减排日益引起全世界的重视。过去20年中,排放到大气中CO2的3/4是由化石燃料燃烧造成的,其中化石燃料发电厂烟道气是CO2长期稳定集中排放源,其所排CO2量占总排放量的大约30%,因此应当成为减排CO2的重点。
回收烟道气中的CO2不仅是缓解CO2排放危机最直接有效的手段,还能降低生产成本。由于大多数化石燃料电厂均采用直接燃烧技术,因此CO2只能从烟道气中分离和回收。针对燃煤电厂烟道气CO2分压较低,使用MEA的化学吸收对于脱除烟道气物流中的二氧化碳是一项可利用的技术。但是,这套吸收装置的操作费用特别是再生塔再沸器所需能耗很大,难以大规模的商业应用。
本课题是用Aspen plus模拟软件对CO2捕获系统操作条件和设备参数进行了概念设计研究。选择NTRL物性方法成功的对脱碳系统进行了模拟优化,并得到最优工艺参数,最终达到了二氧化碳捕获率85-90%的目标。
关键词:燃煤电厂,二氧化碳捕获,过程模拟,Aspen Plus
Abstract
The whole world CO2 which discharges because of bustion fossil fuel achieves about every year 20,000,000,000 t, produces CO2 by the fossil bustion the total quantity to pose the greenhouse gas total quantity 82%. Along with various countries the global warming question's attention, CO2 reduces the row to bring to the world attention day by day. In the past 20 years, discharged National People's Congress to be mad that CO2 3/4 was creates by the fossil bustion, the fossil fuel power plant flue gas was the CO2 long-term stability centralism emissions source, its arranged the CO2 quantity to account for the total withdrawal about 30%, must therefore e reduces arranges CO2 key .
The CO2 recovery from flue gas CO2 emissions mitigation is not only the most direct and effective means of crisis, but also reduce production costs. Since most fossil fuel power plants are bustion technology, only from flue gas CO2 separation and recovery. For coal-fired power plant flue gas CO2 partial pressure low, use MEA chemical absorption of the logistics for the removal of carbon dioxide in the flue gas is an available technology. However, this absorbing devices operating costs, particularly renewable energy required to reboiler column very difficult large-mercial applications.
The subject is simulation software Aspen plus CO2 capture system operating conditions and equipment parameters of the concept design study. Select NTRL properties was essfully carried out against the removal sy