文档介绍：Why do the governments set barriers for the international trade?
by :廖成婧,杨莉红,王琼,喻香平, 卢岳松,全姣姣
What is tariff barriers? 所谓关税壁垒,是指进出口商品经过一国关境时,由政府所设置海关向进出口商征收关税所形成的一种贸易障碍。按征收关税的目的来划分,关税有两种:一是财政关税,其主要目的是为了增加国家财政收入;二是保护关税,其主要目的是为保护本国经济发展而对外国商品的进口征收高额关税。
Reasons
collection of revenue
of petition
against foreign government trade barriers
of foreign policy
of national economic policies
of the national defense
of natural resources of the environment
of public health,safety and morals, and plant and animal life
against foreign government
trade barriers
2. Protection of the national defense
reasons
3. For collection of revenue
Case
The case of special protectionist tariffs on tire
The Event.
April 20,2009 : United States Steel Workers Association(钢铁工人协会) put forward application of special measures to the United States International mission(美国国际贸易委员会) against mercial tyres that China transmit to USA market. They require the government set quotas on 21 million tires of passenger cars, light trucks, minivan(迷你面包车) and sports car that China exported.
Our government has expressed strong dissatisfaction and resolutely opposed that.
June 18,2009: The United States International mission made a positive damage adjudication(肯定性损害裁决) to Chinese passenger cars and light truck tires safeguard(轮胎特保案).They made sure that the increase of tires products imported from China caused or threatened to cause market disruption in the United States industry.
Retaliation against American Trade Barriers
The ministry merce of the People‘s Republic of China(中华人民共和国商务部) decided to start anti-dumping and countervailing examination procedures (反倾销和反补贴立案审查程序) against part imported cars and chicken products of the USA on September 13, 2009.
• . 2009 President Obama announced to Implement a period of 3 years punitive tariffs(惩罚性关税)on tyres of all of the cars an