文档介绍：明喻
,而不是事物的自然属性.
标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.
例如:
1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.
3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.
隐喻,暗喻
隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.
例如:
1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.
借喻,转喻
借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.
,例如:
1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.
2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.
,例如:
Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.
,例如:
plete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集
,例如:
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.
提喻
提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.
例如:
1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)
他的厂里约有100名工人.
2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)
他是本世纪的牛顿.
3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分)
这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.
通感,联觉,移觉
,借联想引起感觉转移,“以感觉 写感觉”。 比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。
例如:
1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily-like voice.(用视觉形容听觉,鸟落在树上,由它发出的声音联想到 百合花)鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音.
2>.Taste the music of Mozart.(用嗅觉形容听觉)