文档介绍：华中科技大学
硕士学位论文
基于模糊理论的小电流接地系统单相接地故障选线方法与装置
姓名:徒有锋
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:高电压与绝缘技术
指导教师:何俊佳
20060510
摘要
单相接地故障是影响中低压电网供电可靠性的最常见故障,为了在发生单相接
地故障后能迅速找到故障位置,国内外都在积极研究针对小电流接地系统单相接地
故障的选线原理并努力开发选线装置。目前已有的选线原理种类很多,大致可以分
为稳态量分析法、暂态量分析法和注入信号检测法三类。但依据单一选线原理的选
线方法效果都不尽人意,因此采用多判据综合选线成为当前的发展方向。
本文在全面分析了各种选线原理的基础上,根据小电流接地系统发生单相接地
故障时的各种故障表现和系统行为,选择其中具有互补性的多种系统表现,提出了
采用模糊理论对具有互补性的多种故障表现进行信息融合,从而实现选线的设想。
论文针对不同系统的单相接地故障模式,定义了故障测度隶属函数,针对不同
故障表现和系统行为模式特点,定义了各种判别方法的判据权系数隶属函数,并基
于故障测度隶属函数和判据权系数隶属函数,建立了一套综合选线方法。
论文详细介绍了故障测度隶属函数和判据权系数隶属函数的定义和计算方法,
对所提出的综合选线方法进行了数字仿真,证明了它的有效性和选线准确性。
根据所建立的综合判据体系和选线方法,开发了一套新型的选线装置。论文详
细介绍了该新型选线装置的硬件结构和软件设计。
最后对该新型选线装置进行了不同接线方式、不同故障模式情况下的大量动模
实验,结果证明基于综合选线方法的选线装置具有极高的选线准确率和良好的故障
适应性。

关键词:小电流接地系统故障选线模糊理论隶属函数
Abstract
The single-phase-to-ground fault is the most familiar fault which affects the operation
reliability of works. Many methods of faulty line selection and the
corresponding equipments are researched all of the world in order to find out the faulty
feeder as quickly as possible. There are many different kinds of faulty line selection
principles, and almost all the principles are discussed in the thesis, which are simply
summarized into three sorts: ponents analysis method, ponents
analysis method and signal injection tracking method. But only use single faulty line
selection method cannot obtain a satisfied result, therefore using prehensive faulty
line selection method is necessary.
On the basis of the general analysis of the faulty line selection methods and the
phenomenon of single-phase-to-ground fault, a new method which fusing the advantages
of plementary methods by using the fuzzy theory is proposed in this thesis.
According to the different faulty situation and data reliability, some fault
measurement membership functions and criterion weight coefficient membership
functions are defined. The new faulty line selection method is constructed by these
functions.
The defining an