文档介绍：仪器分析及实验
(Instrumental Analysis & Experiment)
(双语)
教学要求:
1. 要求掌握常用仪器分析方法的原理和仪器的基本结构;
2. 要求初步具有根据分析的目的,结合学到的各种仪器分析方法的特点、应用范围,选择适宜的分析方法的能力。
参考资料 references
《仪器分析原理》科学出版社,何金兰等;
《仪器分析原理》科学出版社,方惠群等;
《仪器分析学****指导与综合练****高教出版社,刘志广主编
《仪器分析****题精解》科学出版社,胡胜水
《仪器分析学****指导》科学出版社,方惠群
课程的学****方法 learning method of the course
1. 特点:基础课(无机、有机、物化、物理)——应用
2. 抓住主线特点——原理——用途;重点在原理
3. 归纳共性与个性
色谱法:共性:复杂混合物分离分析
个性:流动相-原理-对象
4. 处理好整体与局部
分析仪器——结构流程——关键部件
5. 广泛利用网上资料 Everything you want, it could be find in the !
分析仪器的组成方框图(共性)
功能:使样品产生分析信号,可以是样品本身
功能:将某种类型的信号变换成可检测的电信号。分为三种:电压源、电流源、可变阻抗。在电化学分析法的仪器中,传感器是各种类型的电极。色谱法中,是各种检测器。光学分析法中,是光电管或光电倍增管等。
功能:将微弱的电信号加以放大,以便读出装置指示或记录。
功能:将信号处理器输出的信号显示出来。
表头
记录仪
信号
发生器
分析信号
检测器
or传感器
输入信号
输出信号
信号处理器
读出装置
数
字
显示
仪或
计算
机处
理
分析化学、化学分析、仪器分析
绪论 Preface(P2-5)
Analytical Chemistry is the science of inventing and applying the concepts, principles, and strategies for measuring the characteristic (特征) of chemical systems and species. It provides the methods and tools needed for insight into our material world for answering four basic questions about a material sample.
What? Where? How much?
What arrangement, structure or form?
Before the beginning of the twentieth century most quantitative chemical analyses used gravimetry(重量测定) or titrimetry(滴定测定) as the analytical method. With these methods, analysts achieved highly accurates results, but were usually limited to the analysis of major and minor analytes.
Since the 1970s, analytical chemistry has developed from a classical, largely chemically oriented discipline to a physical-chemical, instrumental and problem-oriented methodology(方法学).
分析化学的发展历程
instrumental analysis
Owing to the wide variety of methods available, it has e possible to rate into smaller and smaller ranges of concentrations (trace analysis) and to analyze thoroughly plex material mixtures (. using high-power separation methods).
Chemical analytical methods which to this day have retained their value as being simple, yet reliab