文档介绍：第二十五章
生产与增长
Production and Growth
1
生产与增长
Production and Growth
一依赖于它生产物
品和服务的能力
A country’s standard of living
depends on its ability to produce
goods and services.
2
生产与增长
Production and Growth
即使在一个也
随着时间推移而发生着巨大的变
化
Within a country there are large
changes in the standard of living
over time.
3
生产与增长
Production and Growth
美国在过去的世纪里,以人均实际GDP衡
量的平均收入每年增长约2个百分点
In the United States over the past century,
average e as measured by real GDP
per person has grown by about 2 percent
per year.
4
生产与增长
Production and Growth
生产率指的是一个工人每小时工作时间所
生产的物品和服务的数量
Productivity refers to the amount of goods
and services produced for each hour of a
worker’s time.
一个取决于它的工人的生
产率
A nation’s standard of living is determined
by the productivity of its workers.
5
不同的增长经历
The Variety of Growth Experiences
Real GDP per Real GDP per
Person at Person at End Growth Rate
Country Period Beginning of Period of Period (per year)
Japan 1890-1997 $1,196 $23,400 %
Brazil 1900-1990 619 6,240
Mexico 1900-1997 922 8,120
Germany 1870-1997 1,738 21,300
Canada 1870-1997 1,890 21,860 1,95
China 1900-1997 570 3,570
Argentina 1900-1997 1,824 9,950
United States 1870-1997 3,188 28,740
Indonesia 1900-1997 708 3,450
United Kingdom 1870-1997 3,826 20,520
India 1900-1997 537 1,950
Pakistan 1900-1997 587 1,590
Bangladesh 1900-1997 495 1,050
资料来源:麦迪森(
Angus Maddison),
世界经济二百年回顾
,改革出版社1997。
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9
世界各国的经济增长
Economic Growth Around the
World
各国之间以人均实际GDP衡量的
生活水平有很大不同
Living standards, as measured by
real GDP per person, vary
significantly among nations.
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