文档介绍：时态
主动
被动
不定式
一般时
to do
to be done
进行时
to be doing
完成时
to have done
to have been
done
动名词
现在分词
一般时
doing
being done
完成时
having done
having been done
过去分词
一般时
done
名称
语法功能
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
宾语补足语
不定式
侧重于动作的具体性和将来性
√作某些动词的宾语
√表示具体的动作有将来的意味
√表示即将发生的情况
√常作三种状语:目的,原因,结果
作感官动词宾补强调全过程;作其它动词的宾补表经常性的或具体的动作。
动名词
√侧重于一般性和经常性
√作介词和某些动词的宾语
√表示主语的内容侧重于一般性和经常性
√表示中心词的用途
现在
分词
√表示主语正在进行的动作
√表示中心词
正在进行的动作或所具有的动作功能
√强调主动,进行.
√作使役动词和感官动词的宾补表动作进行
过去
分词
√表示主语所处的状态
√和它的中心词的关系是被动的. 表示完成
√强调被动,完成
√作使役动词和感官动词的宾补表动作完成
非谓语动词做题四步分析
一、分析句子结构
1. ______many times , but he still couldn't understand it .
2. ______many times , he still couldn't understand it .
A. Having been told B. Told
C. He was told D. Though he had been told
C
______
A
4. If you ________to the left , you'll find the post office .
5. ________to the left , and you'll find the post office .
A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned
3. ________to the left , you'll find the post office .
A
___
C
C
二、分析逻辑主语
非谓语动词虽不能作谓语,但仍具有动词特点,其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。若不一致,则须加上自己的逻辑主语
1. ________no buses , we have to walk home
2. ______Sunday, I shall have a quiet day at home .
There being B. It were
C. There were D. It being
___
A
D
__
三、分析语态
分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后,分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。
1. ______from space , the earth looks blue .
space , we can see the earth is blue .
Seen B. Seeing
C. To see D. See
________
A
__
B
3. The dirty clothes ______ , the girl hung them up outside .
4. ______ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside .
was washed B. washed
washed washed
______
B
_______
D