文档介绍：常压储罐各相区腐蚀机理研究
摘要
我国某油田原油含有较多腐蚀性杂质,使储罐内壁腐蚀严重。但由于储罐内环境复杂,储罐腐蚀机理尚不明确。根据与储罐内壁直接接触的物质不同,可将储罐内部复杂的环境从上到下依次分为气相、油气界面、油相、油水界面、水相、淤泥相等六个相区。本课题在实验室模拟不同相区的腐蚀环境,进行腐蚀挂片实验和电化学实验,并结合现代材料分析检测技术,得出以下结论:气相区腐蚀来自于腐蚀性气体溶于冷凝水产生的酸,局部腐蚀严重;油相区腐蚀程度比较轻;水相区由于含有大量腐蚀性酸碱盐离子,矿化度高,腐蚀程度最严重;泥相区的流动性小,整体发生电化学腐蚀的趋势较小,但其中含有的微生物可致储罐严重腐蚀。界面相发生与之相邻单一相区的腐蚀之外,还会发生氧浓差腐蚀。
关键词:腐蚀机理;腐蚀速率;分相区腐蚀;挂片实验
Study on the corrosion mechanism of the various phases in atmospheric storage tanks
Abstract
The crude oil of an oil field in our country contains many corrosive impurities, which can corrode the inner wall of the storage tank. However, the mechanism of the reservoir corrosion is not clear because of plex environment in the tank. According to the different material that have direct contact with the inner wall of the tank, storage tank plex environment can be divided into gas phase, oil-gas interface, oil phase and oil-water interface, water phase and silt phase from the top to bottom. In this paper, the corrosive environment of different phase zones is simulated in the laboratory, carries on the corrosion test and electrochemical experiments, bines the modern materials analysis and detection technology. Conclusions are the follows: The severe local corrosion of gas phase corrosion is derived from the corrosive gases that dissolve in condensed water. The corrosion level in the oil phase is slight. The water phase is the most corrosive because it contains a lot of corrosive acid, alkali, salt ions which lead to a high salinity. The trend of electrochemical corrosion in the silt phase is smaller because of poor fluidity. But the microbes in the silt phase can lead to a serious corrosion. In addition to the corrosion of its own phase, the difference of oxygen concentration corrosion also occurs in the interface.
Keywords:Corrosion mechanism; Corrosion rate; Split phase zone corrosion; Blade-hanging experiment
目录
第1章绪论 1
储罐常见的腐蚀类型 1
均匀腐蚀 1
局部腐蚀 1
腐蚀研究方法 4
腐蚀表征手段 4
腐蚀研究设备 5