文档介绍：南京航空航天大学
硕士学位论文
飞机复合材料损伤机理及适航评定技术研究
姓名:彭明玉
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:载运工具运用工程
指导教师:李艳军
20080101
南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文
摘要
随着航空技术和材料科学技术的发展,各类新型、先进的复合材料在民用飞
机中得到越来越广泛的应用。由于复合材料各向异性等特点,其损伤机理、失效
形式以及修理技术等都与金属材料结构具有显著的不同。因此相关的无损检测、
维修以及适航评定等方面的技术面临新的发展与挑战。如何研究、开发一整套的
有关飞机复合材料安全性、可靠性和经济性的控制体系成为紧迫而现实的课题。
其中,复合材料的损伤机理和无损检测技术研究显得尤为重要。
复合材料层合板一般存在四种失效模式:基体开裂,分层,纤维断裂和脱粘。
本文在对复合材料加工特性研究的基础上,对复合材料断裂韧性损伤机理和疲劳
损伤机理进行理论研究,了解民航飞机复合材料结构常见的缺陷类型及产生的原
因。对常用的各种无损检测方法,熟悉其工作原理并确定各种检测方法的使用范
围。而根据飞机结构上应用的复合材料的种类、形状及不同缺陷类型,研究针对
各种材料的最佳检测方法。
在此基础上,对复合材料的缺陷进行损伤评估,制订损伤评估的流程,以及
确定相应的修理方法,制订损伤修理的流程。构建了复合材料损伤评估和损伤修
理数据库。而损伤评估和损伤修理就构成了整个飞机复合材料适航评定流程。本
文就是在这些基础上,构建了飞机复合材料适航评定系统。

关键词:复合材料,无损检测,损伤评估,适航评定,民用飞机
I
飞机复合材料损伤机理及适航评定技术研究
Abstract
With the development of aviation technology and material science, various of
new-style, advanced materials are intensively used in civil aircraft industry. Damage
mechanism, failure style and repair technique posite material are distinct from
that of conventional metal material due to its character such as anisotropy. Related
technologies such as detection, maintenance and airworthiness certification will thus
definitely confront with both development and challenge. How to build a safe,
dependable and economical control system has e an urgent problem nowadays.
Among these mentioned above, NDI posite materials is of especial importance.
There are four failure modes for posite which are matrix crushing,
delamination, fiber tensile failure and debond. After the study of the processing
characteristics posite materials, fatigue and fracture mechanism posites
are theoretically researched, the typical defect posite and the cause of these
defects in civil aircraft are all investigated in this paper. The principle together with
the application range of well-known nondestructive testing methods is also studied.
The most appropriate test method can hence be determined according to the different
category and shape, as wel