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生态学杂志 Chinese Journal of Ecology 2004 ,23 (1) :97~101
植物根系分泌物的生态效应
史刚荣
(淮北煤炭师范学院生物科学系, 淮北 235000)
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摘要根系分泌物是在一定的生长条件下,活的且未被扰动的根系释放到根际环境中的有
机物质的总称,在植物主动适应和抵御不良环境中具有重要作用: (1) 通过化感作用影响根际
微生物和周围其它植物的生长,并进一步改善植物的生态环境(生物因素) ; (2) 通过对土壤中
矿质元素的溶解、螯合作用、迁移和活化等作用,不仅在营养缺乏的情况下提高矿质营养元素
的有效性,而且在面临重金属胁迫时能降低根际中金属污染物的活性,减少植物对金属的吸
收。根系分泌物在植物与环境的相互作用中起着传递信息的作用。
关键词根系分泌物,根际微生物,化感作用,环境胁迫
中图分类号 Q944 54 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1000 - 4890(2004) 01 - 0097 - 05
Ecological effects of plant root exudates. SHI Gangrong ( Department of Biology , Huaibei Coal In
dustry Teachers’College , Huaibei 235000 , China) . Chinese Journal of Ecology ,2004 ,23 (1) :97~
101.
Root exudates , which can be called as a joint name anic chemicals in rhizospheric environment
released by living and undisturbed root system in certain stage of growth of plants , play very impor
tant roles in plants to adapt and resistant to environment stresses actively : (1) By the way of allelopa
thy , root exudates could affect the growth of rhizospheric anisms and other plants , and im
prove the biological factors of ecological environment ; (2) By dissolving , chelating , transferring , and
activating mineral elements of the soil , root exudates could not only enhance the validity of the min
eral elements under circumstances of inanition , but also depress the activity