文档介绍：智能结构是指在基体结构中使用压电材料做为传感和驱动元件的新型结构,
它不仅具有自感知、自适应、自诊断和自修复的优点,而且还具有集传感和驱动
一体化的优越特性。它是一个由材料科学、机械工程、控制科学、计算机科学等
多学科交叉而成的新兴课题。近年来,智能结构的研究己引起世界主要发达国家
的极大重视。智能结构振动控制技术已被广泛应用到军事、机械、医学、民用产
品上,尤其在航空航天工业中展示了广阔的应用前景。
本文以压电悬臂梁振动系统为研究对象,利用压电材料的正、逆压电效应,
推导了其做为传感器时对结构变形的感知能力,以及其做为致动器时对基体结构
的致动能力,得到压电传感器的传感方程和压电致动器的致动方程。分析了压电
片与悬臂梁之间的耦合关系,建立了智能悬臂梁的机电耦合动力学模型和基于闭
环控制系统的状态方程,将解耦的动力学方程转化到状态空间,推导出输出反馈
的数学模型,设计了线性最优控制器。最后通过MATLAB软件对智能悬臂梁进
行振动主动控制仿真试验,验证了基于线性输出反馈控制的独立模态控制法的有
效性。研究了压电片位置、长度,以及压电片的厚度对柔性梁振动控制性能的影
响,为智能悬臂梁的振动控制系统的设计提供了依据。
最后,通过计算机数值仿真,验证了文中智能结构振动主动控制方法的有效
性,同时得到了一些有意义的结论。
A intelligent structure can be defined as a structure 0r ponent wltn
bonded or embedded sensofs and actuators as well as an associated control system,
which enables the structure to respond simultaneously to extemal stimuli exerted on
it and then suppresses undesired effects or enhance desired effects. It inVolVes
knowledge, such as materials science, mechanical engineering,
controltheory,puter perfofmance requirements of future space
structures,jet fighters and concept automobiles haVe brought much interest to the
area Of smart structures.
A cantilever beam with smart materials is study in this ,by the
piezoelectric material’s positive piezoelectric effect and negatiVe piezoelectric
effect,the sensing and actuating abilities are articularly analyzed in this papef,and
gained the sensing and actuating equations espectiVely. This paper analyses the
interactiOn between piezoelectric materials film and the VibratiOn system 0f
piezoelectric smart cantilever beam,the dynamical model and close·loop control
state equation are established with regard to some pairs of piezoelectric materials
sensors and actuators. The independent modal spaCe control technique which is
based 0n a negative velocity feedback control law is put forth,and the control unit is
last,the emulational example in this paper has pfoVed the Validity of
the method.