文档介绍：华中科技大学硕士学位论文
摘  要 
溃坝问题由于其产生的巨大灾害而显得十分重要。溃坝水流模拟可以分为瞬间
溃和逐渐溃。目前的水流模拟主要是研究瞬间溃。然而,作为应用最广泛同时也是
溃决数量最多的坝型,土石坝的溃决方式大多数是逐渐溃。故本文应用通用计算流
体力学软件 FLUENT,对土石坝逐渐溃的水流模拟进行了尝试。
本文首先从溃坝水流模拟和土石坝溃决机理两方面简要回顾了目前溃坝研究的
现状。在此基础上,与目前主流研究二维溃坝不同,本文引入了三维计算流体力学
软件 FLUENT 对溃坝水流进行了三维模拟,并结合多个试验和经典假设算例,充分
验证了该软件在溃坝水流模拟方面的可行性。在溃口发展模拟方面,本文采用
OSMAN 侵蚀崩塌模型,该模型基于物理分析,考虑了实时水流、坝体材料、边坡稳
定等因素对溃口扩展的影响,较其他模型更为合理。最后,本文利用 FLUENT 的动
网格技术和用户自定义函数,编制了基于 FLUENT 的土石坝逐渐溃坝水流模拟模型
程序,得出了溃口与溃坝水流相互影响下的溃口扩展过程及相应的水流形态。同时
通过编制程序也获得了溃口的流量发展过程。

关键词:溃坝逐渐溃 FLUENT 水流模拟
I
华中科技大学硕士学位论文
Abstract 
The problem of dam failures has always been of great important because of their
disastrous effects. The numerical simulation of dam failure flow can divide into sudden
catastrophic failure and gradual failure. The current study is focused on sudden
catastrophic failure. However, as the mon type of dam, earthen embankment has
the largest number of failure, and the failure of earthen embankment is mainly gradual.
For this reason, the present paper applies general CFD software FLUENT and tries to
simulate the dam break flow of gradual failure.
The dissertation starts with an introduction of this study discipline, including dam
break flow simulation and mechanism of earthen embankment failure. Based on this,
different from current two dimensional flow simulation, three dimensional CFD software
FLUENT is introduced in this paper to simulate the dam break flow. Validated by some
popular experiments and hypothetic tests, FLUENT is suitable for the study of dam break
flow. Model of OSMAN slope stability analysis is employed to simulate the breach
development. Based on physics, this model is more reasonable than others, which
considers water flow, material character of dam, slope stability and so on. Dynamic mesh
and user defined functions of FLUENT are used to program UDF of gradual enlarged
breach. After calculation in FLUENT, the process of enlarged breach which is influenced
by water