文档介绍：现在完成时的用法
现在完成时表示过去某时发生的行为对主语目前产生的影响。即用过去发生的某个行为来说明现在的某种情况。
We are good friends.(现在的情况)
I knew him in 1997.(过去的动作)
We have known each other since 1997.
(现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在)
She has been to Beijing.
(现在已不在北京,从结果上和现在联系起来)
She has been in Beijing for two years.
(现在仍在北京,从时间上和现在联系起来)
现在完成时的三种基本用法:
1、未完成用法。表示动作或状态开始于过去,一直延续到现在,可能继续发展,也可能刚刚结束。
He has been in the army for ten years.
I have studied English since 1980.
He has lived here all his life.
,live,study都是延续性动词。
:
since…,for…,in the past few years,so far,
all his life.
2、反复性用法,表示过去到现在这段时间
内反复发生的动作。
I have been to the city twice this week.
I have often wondered where she gets her money all these days.
这种用法从时间上与现在发生了联系。
3、完成性用法,表示动作或状态到说话时已经完成,通常所产生的结果把过去的动作和状态和现在联系起来。 He has gone to Shanghai.
他已经去了上海。(结果:他已不在这儿,He is not here now.)
Can you make sure ___ the gold ring?
Alice had put
had Alice put
Alice has put
has Alice put
使用现在完成时表示过去发生的“放”的动作
对现在的影响,究竟金戒指现在“在哪里”。
When I was at college I ___ three foreign
languages,but I ___ all except a few words
of each.
;had forgotten
;have forgotten
spoken;had forgotten
spoken;have forgotten
“但都忘了”是现在的情况,要用现在完成时,强调结果。
----I’m sorry to keep you waiting.
----Oh,not at ___ here only a few
minutes.
been been
be
“(for) only a few minutes”说明几分钟前来
了这里,一直到现在。
---___ the sports meet might be put off.
---Yes,it all depends on the weather.
A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told
’m told told
“被告知”是过去的事,对现在的影响
是“我已知道”
The price ___,but I doubt whether it will
remain so.
down go down
gone down going down
表示已发生的动作