文档介绍：说明:两种底色标示无特别区分意义,均表示排版时的粗体,即文中讲解的词汇。
一、历年真题考查过的辨析(2000—1986)
饲养;养育
词义及用法
举例
feed
给人(动物、植物等)食物(肥料、养料等),常用~ sb/sth (on) sth或~sth to sb/sth表示为全家或一群人提供食物
The cattle are fed (on) 。
to ~ an army养活一支军队
raise
“养育(孩子或小动物)”,不仅指“给予食物”,更强调抚养方式
“饲养(牲畜)”“种植(农作物)”
to ~ her (as) a Catholic把她培养成天主教徒to ~ cow养牛to ~ corn种玉米
rear
同raise
to ~ sons and daughters养育子女
to ~ poultry饲养家禽
breed
“饲养,培育(动植物)”,强调有目的地育种,常用~sth for/as sth
指培育人,表示以特定的方式教育,反复灌输观念、礼貌举止等,常用~sth into sb
The rabbits are bred for their long 。
to ~ good manners使养成良好的举止
[真题](2000)He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance against the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as modity which he must sell in order to replace old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to the soil. 他必须用以下三种方式来使用这些余粮:留作种子,留作应对恶劣天气影响的保障,以及作为商品卖掉,来替换旧农具和购买化肥给土壤施肥。
[A] enhance [B] mix [C] feed [D] raise
寻找
词义及用法
举例
seek
“寻找”,常与for搭配
“寻求,谋求”,表示试图得到或达到
to ~ alternative route另寻其他线路to ~ employment求职
search
同seek,但找寻更为仔细,后面常接搜寻的地点
to ~ the plane for survivors为寻找幸存者而搜查飞机
[真题](2000)He must either sell some of his property or extra funds in the form of loans. 他只得变卖部分家产或通过贷款寻求额外的资金。
[A] search [B] save [C] offer [D] seek
比例;比率
词义及用法
举例
rate
“比率,率”,指事情发生的速度或次数
指税收、利息等的“费率”
the annual crime ~ 年犯罪率
~ of interest/interest ~ 利息率
ratio
指两组人或物及事物各部分之间在大小、数量上的对比关系”
a very high teacher-student ~很高的师生比率
proportion
同ratio用于in ~ (to) 的搭配中,表示“相比较”;或“与…相应,成比例”,暗指如果一方变化另一方也随之变化
The room is very long in ~ to its 。
Price will be raised in ~ to cost. 价格将随成本相应提高。
percentage
指“百分比”
What ~ of the students were absent? 旷课的学生占百分之几?
[真题](2000)Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low of interest, but loans of this kind are not frequently obtainable. 自然,他会尽量争取低息贷款,但这种贷款不是经常能够得到的。
[A] proportion [B] percentage [C] rate [D] ratio
道;路
词义及用法
举例
path
主要指地面或空中的道路
a bicycle ~自行车道
route
同path
an air ~飞行航线
channel
侧重指水上道路