文档介绍：一、 名词表示某一事物,有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。强调:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、alotof等词去作判断,以免受误导。1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”:,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds;读音:清辅音后读[s],浊辅音和元音后读[z]。,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches;读音:[iz]。“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries;读音:[z]。“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knives,thief-thieves;读音:[z]。“o”结尾的词,分两种情况1)有生命的+es 读音:[z] 如:mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2)无生命的+s  读音:[z] 如:photo-photos    radio-:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese 2、不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量,就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。例如:aglassofwater,apieceofpaper,abottleofjuice判断步骤:                                                 ↗如是am、is或was→原形读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词                                                 ↘如是are或were→加s或es练一练:1、写出下列各词的复数。I_________ him_________ this_______  her______    watch_______  mango_______child_______photo________diary______  day________ foot________dress________tooth_______sheep______  box_______ strawberry_____thief_______engineer______peach______sandwich______  man______  woman_______ leaf_______  people________2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。(1)Aretheretwo               (box)onthetable?(2)Icanseesome                (people)inthecinema.(3)Howmany                (day)arethereinaweek?(4)Here’refive               (bottle)of                 (juice)foryou.(5)This               (violin)               (grape)、冠 词冠词是一种虚词,不能独立使用,通常放在名词的前面,分为“不定冠词”和“定冠词”两种。1、不定冠词:a、an。用在单数名词前,表示“一个,一件……”。an用在以元音“音素”开头的单词前。如:ane-mail,anorange,anoldman,anEnglishwatch,anhour…2、定冠词:the。用在单数或者复数名词前。the没有具体意思,有时翻译为这、那。它的基本用法: (1)用来表示特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。如:Themaponthewallisnew. (2)表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物。如:Lookatthepicture,please. (3)表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物。如:. (4)用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如:thesun太阳 themoon月亮 theeart