文档介绍：南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文
摘要
高超声速飞行器的飞行环境变化范围大,传统的飞行器机翼很难满足这一要求,而以自适
应智能结构为基础的变体机翼是解决这个问题的行之有效的方式。驱动技术是实现机翼变体的
关键技术之一,也是当今国内外的一个重要研究方向。驱动技术包括:驱动器的选择、激励方
式和控制方法等。本文首先给出了变体机翼的后缘结构设计模型,在此基础上选取了形状记忆
合金(SMA)作为驱动元件,并设计了 SMA 驱动器在后缘结构上的布置方案。确定了电激励方式
后,设计了一套基于数字信号处理器(DSP)的控制系统,用来控制后缘结构快速、准确的变形。
对控制系统中硬件部分的调理电路和控制电路进行了原理设计和 PCB 板的制作,并结合激光位
移传感器和 DSP 电路板进行了系统调试。对带有 SMA 驱动器的变体机翼后缘结构这一控制对象
完成模型辨识后,在 Simulink 中进行了 PID 算法仿真, 开发环境在
DSP 中予以了实现,结合控制系统的硬件部分完成了系统的整体调试。最后,通过实验的方法
验证了本文设计的控制系统的可行性和有效性。
关键词:变体机翼,形状记忆合金,数字信号处理器,PID 算法,控制系统
(本文得到了国家自然科学基金的资助,资助号:90716003)
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基于 DSP 的变体机翼 SMA 驱动器控制系统研究
ABSTRACT
The surroundings of supersonics aircraft change intensively during flight, and it is difficult for
traditional aircraft wings to fit the change properly. The morphing wing based on adaptive smart
structure is one of the most effective methods to solve the problem. In morphing wing implementation
technique, actuater is the key point, which is now the important research area internationally.
Actuating techniques related factors to be considered include: actuator selectionactuator, trigger way,
control method etc. In this paper, a mechanical model of trailing edge is proposed, SMA is chosen as
the actuator, and then the SMA connection methods on trailing edge are decided. On the basis of the
electronic trigger, a control system based on DSP is designed, which aims at making the trailing edge
to morph quickly and accurately. The hardware part like adjust and control circuit is carefully
designed and implemented in PCB, bined with laser displacement sensor and DSP to
complete system test. After system identification for the trailing edge with SMA actuators, simulation
of PID control pleted in Simulink and indicates its effectiveness. The PID algorithm is coded
into DSP , and then the software and hardware of control system bined to
finish the whole system experiment. Finally, feasibility and validity of the control system are prove