文档介绍：摘要
钻探用泵是钻探设备的重要组成部分之一。钻探用泵主要是洗孔用泵,在我国地矿部的部颁标准定为泥浆泵,泵的形式定为往复式泵。在钻探施工中,泥浆泵担负着向孔内输送清洗液,并能使其在孔内循环的作用。在某些特种工序中还用泥浆泵向孔内灌注水泥浆等物质。
泥浆泵是石油矿场钻井作业中的关键设备之一,它的性能、结构、可靠性、适应性、经济性以及使用寿命,直接影响着钻井质量的好坏。泥浆泵是往复泵的一种。本人所设计的泥浆泵是卧式三缸单作用往复式活塞泵,它是通过活塞部件的往复运动,引起密闭的工作腔室容积变化,从而形成腔室内外压力差变化,以吸入和排出液流实现能量转换的。该卧式三缸单作用泵在生产实践中得到了广泛的应用。
关键词: 泥浆泵,往复泵,钻井
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ABSTRACT
The drilling pump is one important part of drilling equipment. The drilling pumps are mainly used to wash hole, in our country geology and mining depart- ment proclaimed the standard decides as the mud pump, the form of the pumps designed as the reciprocating pump. In the drilling construction, the mud pump is used to transport the cleaning liquid to the hole, and make it at the hole continual recycling. Also using the mud pump in certain special working procedures to pour matter and cement mortar to the hole.
A mud pump is one of the critical equipments for petroleum drilling operations, the performance, structure, reliability, suitability, cost and service life of a mud pump will directly affect the drilling operations. The mud pump is a kind of the reciprocating pump. The pump designed myself is three plunger reciprocating pump, it is through the piston part reciprocal motion, causes the airtight work cavity room volume change, thus forms the pressure of the cavity room in side and outside different, and discharges the energy by the inspiration. The essful development of the pump produces a good profit for our factory, and plays an important active role in oil field development and full use of the resources.
Keyword:mud pump , reciprocating pump, drilling.
第一章绪论
往复泵的应用与发展
往复泵是最早出现的泵类机械,曾在工业界广泛使用。19世纪末和20世纪初,德国的魏斯特法尔()和贝尔格(H. Berg)等人曾对往复泵技术基础理论的研究做出了杰出的贡献。贝尔格的《活塞泵》一书是当时关于往复泵原理和设计的权威性著作。这本著作中有关泵阀运动的分析和公式,吸入、排出过程中液缸内压力变化的规律,吸入管中的惯性水头值计算等至今仍被引用。但在20世纪中,后起的离心泵、转子泵等在许多应用领域取代了往复泵。其主要原因就是它们的结构简单,通用性强。受此影响,往复泵的技术基础理论和没计、制造技术的研究发展工作长期停滞不前,特别是在基础理论方面,往复泵无论是与内燃机、活塞式压缩机等往复式机械相比,还是与离心系等动力式泵相比,其差距都是相当大的。