文档介绍：动词不定式的结构及用法动词不定式:(to)+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征. 否定式:not+(to)do (1)一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后. 例如: I'mgladtomeetyou. Heseemstoknowalot. Weplantopayavisit. Hewantstobeanartist. Thepatientaskedtobeoperatedonatonce. Theteacherorderedtheworktobedone. (2)进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如: Theboypretendedtobeworkinghard. Heseemstobereadinginhisroom. (3)完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如: Iregrettedtohavetoldalie. Ihappenedtohaveseenthefilm. Heispleasedtohavemethisfriend. : (1)作主语: Tofinishtheworkintenminutesisveryhard. Toloseyourheartmeansfailure. 动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式: Itisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenminutes. Itmeansfailuretoloseyourheart. 常用句式有:1、It+be+名词+todo。2、Ittakessb.+sometime+todo。3、It+be+形容词+ofsb+todo。4、It+be+形容词+forsb.+todo。常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,。(2)作表语: Herjobistocleanthehall. Heappearstohavecaughtacold. (3)作宾语: 常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,help,agree,promise,prefer,如果不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如: MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia. 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如: Ihavenochoicebuttostayhere. HedidnothinglastSundaybutrepairhisbike. 动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如: HegaveussomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish. (4)作宾语补足语: 在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,al