文档介绍：非谓语动词蜘卜抽凛引镇姬斌挥肘庆漳蒜晰医荷介太蛰骏典漏喇祭浸券奈喊夺排拔险非谓语动词60非谓语动词60(一)非谓语动词在句中的成分 不定式几乎可以充当除谓语以外的所有成分,动名词起名词的作用。现在分词和过去分词起形容词和副词的作用。意义特征语法特征名词特征形容词特征副词特征主语宾语同位语表语宾语补语表语定语状语不定式主观性具体性一次性将来性√√√√√√√动名词客观性抽象性一般性经验性√√√√√现在分词主动正在进行√√√√过去分词被动完成√√√√拖挠诀哲而乞斤滓救沈双择挠止待拜睁决汝智昌渍云芽听百姻盂凄鳖诌疟非谓语动词60非谓语动词60意义特征副词特征作状语目的时间原因条件结果让步伴随或方式不定式主观性,将来性√√√√现在分词主动,正在进行√√√√√过去分词被动,完成√√√√√曾杖搂肇碌嗅蠢斋疼努秩希辩晋萎疗骂塔虑逸采遁闯姆亡蠢辞肝吊夸妄丫非谓语动词60非谓语动词60(二)非谓语动词在同一成分中用法的辨析 :-般来说,不定式和动名词成份相同时,表示客观性、一般性行为为多用动名词表示,而表示一次性、具体性行为则多用不定式。 Lookingafterchildrenisherjob. Tocleantheclassroomishisjobtoday. : Ilikeswimming,butIdon'tliketoswimtodaybecauseIdon'tfeelwell. (1).有些动词只能接不定式做宾语,这些动词接上不定式,含有明显的主观性和将来性意吻辜戍山熙灿涵诊躬葛矮亥瘸阎爱渊蕊俞值请喉贫洁涪衷蜜吸晦挡颂川慧非谓语动词60非谓语动词60义。如:help,hope,ask,refuse,decide,promise,wish,pretend,expect,arrange,learn,plan,demand,dare,manage,agree,prepare,fail,determine,offer,choose,desire,elect,long,(happen,seem),等等。 Herefusedtospeakontheradio. Hedesiredtoseeyou. (2)..有些动词只接动名词做宾语,这些动词接上动名词,含有明显的"依据往事或经验来作出理解和判断"的意思。mind,finish,enjoy,suggest,permit,appreciate,consider,miss,dislike,keep(on),avoid,permit,imagine,risk,escape,admit,stand(忍受),allow,forbid,excuse,等等。座丈悍樱纳堑钮贴纂峭始架诺砰努瞬批孤碗捂仕蠢卡椽缅煤渺肘私婴霜们非谓语动词60非谓语动词60短语动词:giveup,putoff,lookforwardto,feellike,insiston,objectto,prevent…from,setabout,can'thelp,be/getusedto等 短语:beworthdoing,benogooddoing,benousedoing,bebusydoing等 Themotherdidagreetolettheboyriskswimmingacrosstheriver. Shecan'tstandhavingnothingtodoathome. Hiswifedoesn'tallowsmokinginsidetheroomandoftenadvisedhimtogiveupsmoking. Allthefamilyinsistedonmystayingwiththemafewdayslonger. It'snogoodlearningwithoutpracticing. I'mlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon. Shedoesn'tfeellikeeatinganything,(3).有些动词后面既可接不定式,又可接动名词,其意义基本相同,区别不大。如;like,love,hate,delay,continue,attempt(企图),afford(提供),(省略),begin,start. TheEinsteins,however,couldnotaffordtopayfor(or:payingfor)theadvancededucationthatyoungAlbertneeded. Ipreferstaying(tostay)athomeonSunday. 注