方位表示法.doc

文档介绍：英语“方位”表示法
谢职安
英语方位表示法为数不少,但容易混淆。特别是几个介词的用法常常令自学者无所适从。有时"一字之差" 就可能"失之千里”。为此,笔者拟用比较的方式以east为例介绍一些常见的方位表示法。
     
(一)in the east 与 on the east的区别
the east表示我们生活中和地理位置上的绝对方向。如:
The sun rises in the east and sets in the ,从西边落下。
The Great Wall begins in the east from the Shanghaiguan Pass and ends at the Jiayuguan Pass in the ,西至嘉峪关。
2. on the east表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向。这里的方向是相对而言的。如:
China faces the Pacific on the 。
The United States faces the Atlantic on the east and the Pacific on the ,西濒太平洋。
(二) in (to,on,at) the east of
,即:A在B的范围之内时就用
"A is in the east of B",如:
Japan is in the east of 。
Italy is in the south of 。
,即:A在B的范围之外,且相隔有一定的距离,就用"A lies to the east of B".口语中有时可将to the省去。如:
Japan lies (to the) east of 。
France lies (to the) east of 。
(侧),即:A与B相邻接。就用"A is on the east of B".如:
Guangdong is on the south of 。
Shangdong is on the north of 。
,或是看成一点,就用"A is at the east of B" 如:
There was a big battle at the north of the Liaodong 。
“A位于B东面100公里处”时我们既可以说"A lies l00km to the east of B",也可以说
"A lies 100km east of B". 后者在美国口语中更为常见。如:
The plane crashed 30 miles south of the 。