文档介绍：Chapter 4 Behavioral Learning Theories: Thorndyke’s Connectionism
Edward Lee Thorndyke:1874-1949, American educational psychologist.
1891-1895,studied English literature in Wesleyan University.
Chapter 4 Behavioral Learning Theories
Thorndike’s Connectionism
1895-1897,studied psychology in Harvard Unviversity.(James)
1897-1898, studied in Columbia University, and got his .(Cattel)
1912, became Chairman of APA.
Thorndike’s Connectionism
Major theoretical notions
Thorndike called the association between sense impressions and impulses to action a bond or a connection. This marked the first formal attempt to link sensory events to behavior. Earlier brands of associationism attempted to show how ideas became linked together; thus Thorndike's approach is quite different and can be regarded as the first modern theme of learning. His emphasis on the functional aspects of behavior is due mainly to the influence of Darwin. In fact, Thorndyke's theory can be understood as bination of associationism, Darwinism, and the methods of science.
Thorndike’s Connectionism
Thorndike's concern was not only for stimulus conditions and tendencies to action but also for what held the stimulus and response together. He believed they were connected by a neural bond. His theory is called connectionism, the connection referred to being the neural connection between stimuli (S) and responses (R).
Thorndike’s Connectionism
Major theoretical notions
Experimental foundation:puzzle box
a small confining box with a pole sticking up in the middle or a chain hanging from its top. Pushing against the pole or pulling on the chain enabled the animal to escape. Some arrangements, however, required the animal to engage in plex series of responses before it could escape. Different responses were called for at different times in Thorndike's experiments, but the idea was always the same--the animal had to perform in a certain way before it was allowed to leave the box.