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石油钻杆接头超声波检测方法研究
摘要
石油钻杆接头是石油开采中重要的专用部件之一。为保证在井下的安全使用,接头不允许有超过标准的缺陷存在。因此,对石油钻杆接头进行缺陷检测已成为其生产中不可缺少的环节。超声检测是应用于钻杆接头缺陷检测的主要方法之一。
由于钻杆接头的形状复杂、规格较多,同时从使用安全性考虑,又必须对横向和纵向缺陷进行100%探伤,因此,对钻杆接头进行超声波检测具有一定的难度。在实际生产中,大都采用手工探伤方式进行检测;而手工探伤存在生产效率低、探伤质量难等问题。所以,本课题设计了适用于实际生产的钻杆接头超声自动检测系统,它对保证钻杆接头的安全使用具有重要意义。
本论文主要分四部分讨论了对石油钻杆接头超声波检测方法的研究。
第一部分首先阐述了超声波管材探伤的一般方法,然后结合石油钻杆接头的特殊性,逐步提出解决其探伤问题的特殊方法。
第二部分首先介绍了超声波检测系统的组成和探伤数据的显示方式,并对数字图像处理的常用方法进行了简要的介绍;然后对实际探伤数据,根据本系统探伤的特点,提出了有效的图像处理和缺陷提取方法。
第三部分简要介绍了本探伤系统的应用,对系统实现自动探伤的整体流程作了概括性说明。
第四部分对装置的整体效果作了客观的评价,并对其未来的应用领域和改进措施进行了讨论。
论文从实际的工程项目出发,逐一解决了接头检测存在的难点,最终实现了钻杆接头的自动、高效检测。给出了系统的改进方案。
关键词:石油钻杆接头;探头组;探头架;图像处理;A扫描;B扫描
Abstract
Oil drill pipe joints is one of the specially ponents for oil exploration. In order to ensure safe use in underground, the connector does not allow more than the standard defects. Therefore, an ponent in the defect detection has e for the production of oil drill pipe joints. Ultrasonic testing is one of the main methods used in defect detection of drill pipe joints.
As the drill pipe joint plex shape, high specifications: at the same time from the use of security considerations, and must be on the transverse and longitudinal defects were 100% flaw, therefore, on drill pipe joints by ultrasonic detection with a certain degree of difficulty. In practical production, mostly by manual inspection methods were detected; and manual testing in low production efficiency, difficult issues such as the inspection quality. Therefore, this paper developed a suitable for practical production of drill pipe ultrasonic automatic test system, it is to ensure the safe use of drill pipe joint has important significance.
This paper is mainly divided into four parts to discuss the petroleum drill rod joint of ultrasonic detection method research.
The second part introduces the ultrasonic detection system and the testing data is displayed, and monly used digital image processing methods are introduced briefly; then the actual test