文档介绍：The Clinical Science of
Neurologic Rehabilitation,
Second Edition
BRUCE H. DOBKIN, .
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
Contents
Part I. Neuroscientific Foundations for Rehabilitation
1. ORGANIZATIONAL PLASTICITY IN SENSORIMOTOR AND
WORKS 3
WORKS 4
Overview of Motor Control • Cortical works • Somatosensory Cortical
Networks • Pyramidal Tract Projections • Subcortical Systems • Brain Stem
Pathways • Spinal Sensorimotor Activity
STUDIES OF REPRESENTATIONAL PLASTICITY 39
Motor Maps • Sensory Maps
BASIC MECHANISMS OF SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY 44
Hebbian Plasticity • Cortical Ensemble Activity • Long-Term Potentiation and
Depression • Molecular Mechanisms • Growth of Dendritic Spines • Neurotrophins •
Neuromodulators
WORKS 52
Overview of anization of Cognition • Explicit and Implicit work •
Working Memory and Executive work • Emotional work •
Spatial work • work
SUMMARY 64
2. BIOLOGIC ADAPTATIONS AND NEURAL REPAIR 76
TERMS FOR IMPROVEMENT AFTER INJURY 79
Compensation • Restitution and Substitution • Impairment and Disability
INTRINSIC BIOLOGIC ADAPTATIONS 81
Spontaneous Gains • Activity in Spared Pathways • Sensorimotor Representational
Plasticity • Spasticity and the Upper Motor Neuron Syndrome • Synaptogenesis •
Denervation Hypersensitivity • Axon Regeneration and Sprouting • Axon
Conduction • Growth Factors • Neurogenesis
POTENTIAL MANIPULATIONS FOR NEURAL REPAIR 99
Activity-Dependent Changes at Synapses • Stimulate Axonal Regeneration • Deploy
Neurotrophins • Cell Replacement • Pharmacologic Potentiation
MUSCLE PLASTICITY 113
Exercise • Atrophy • Regeneration • Combined Approaches
EXPERIMENTAL INTERVENTIONS FOR REPAIR OF SPINAL
CORD INJURY 118
Prevent Cell Death • Increase Axonal Regeneration • Remyelination • Other
Transplantation Strategies • Retraining the Spinal Motor Pools
ix
x Contents
RELEVANCE OF ANIMAL MODELS OF REPAIR TO
CLINICAL TRIALS 129
Eight Potential Pitfalls of Animal M