文档介绍：语法系列复习专题-----动词时态,被动语态
一、一般现在时
    、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言,目前的特征、状态、能力等。
    ,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。如:
      I´ll go there after I finish my work./ If it rains tomorrow,I won´t go there.
    ,there开头的句子里,e等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。例如:There goes the 。es the 。Here 。
二、现在进行时
    。
    。例如:She is leaving for 。
He is working as a teacher 。My father ing to see me this 。
    ,描绘更加生动。例如:The Changjiang River is flowing into the 。The sun is rising in the 。
    ,但也有些动词不用于进行时。常见的有:exist,live,understand,mean,owe,belong to ,know,doubt,suppose,remember,forget,
believe,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hope等。
三、现在完成时
    ,或说话时已完成的动作。例如:I have finished the report./ She has cleand the room.
    ,待续到现在的动作或状态,往往和“for…”, “since…”表述的一段时间状语连用。例如:He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college.
    :
  1)用两种时态来表述发生在过去的某一动作,现在完成时强调这一过去动作对现在产生的影响或结果,而一般过去时只表达过去的动作或状态,和现在关系不大。例如:She has cleaned the ´s very clean now.(此句has ,二是因为一般过去时不可突然跳到It´s…这样的一般现在时。)
  2)汉语中的“了”、“过”、“曾”等词常用完成表达,如:I have seen that film.(我看过那部电影了。)但是如果是在特定的过去时间“看了”、“做过”,就不可用完成时而必须用一般过去进来表达。例如:When did you see that film? I saw it yesterday.(你什么时候看了那部电影?我昨天看的。)不能说:When have you seen that film?I have seen it yesterday.
    “曾经到过某地(人已回来)”用“have/has been to”,表示“到某地去了(还未回来)”用“have/has gone to”.例如:
——Where is Li Hua? -He has gone to the reading-room.
——She knows a lot about Shanghai.-She has been there.
(即瞬间动词),join, lose, buy, borrow, leave, go, come, arrive, die, marry, finish, complete, begin, start, break out等,在完成时态中,其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。例如不能说:He has finished the work for three “他已完成工作三小时了。”可采用1)“ago法”:He finished the work three hours )“延续法”:He has been through(with)the wor