文档介绍：华中科技大学硕士学位论文
摘要
随着我国“信息化带动工业化”战略的不断深入,越来越多的企业在 IT 项目上
投入了大量的精力和资源,信息化建设已经成为提升企业核心竞争力的一个主要途
径。但是,IT 项目的实施有很大的风险性,统计资料表明,成功率不到三成。将招
投标机制引入到 IT 项目中去,通过公平竞争,择优选择项目承包商,有利于从源头
上控制项目实施风险,保证项目成功率。
IT 项目评标具有涉及金额大、指标多、投标商实力接近、信息关联度大、信息
的动态性强和许多指标难以定量衡量等特点,具有高度的非结构化特征,决策者的
经验、领域知识和个人偏好起重要作用,决策过程复杂,难以用单一方法解决。传
统的算法大都建立在停留在定性分析阶段,缺乏定量分析和评价模型在实际招标工
作中的应用,导致现有的招标评价方法带有较大的主观性和随意性。
针对这些问题,本文首先在分析了当前 IT 项目评标内涵和特点的基础上,构建
了一个通用的 IT 项目评价指标体系,并运用粗糙集理论对 IT 项目评标进行了知识
表达和数据分析,通过对历史数据进行规则挖掘和知识发现来初步筛选不合格的投
标商,然后提出了一种基于模糊综合评判理论的分层综合评价模型来计算最终的评
价结果。该模型综合利用了粗糙集和模糊集理论的优点:通过粗糙集对 IT 项目属性
重要度计算一级指标权重,克服了权重选择上的主观性;通过属性约简剔除对最终
决策影响不大的因素,以及通过规则推理对投标商的初选,大大减少了综合评价的
计算量;结合模糊综合评判方法,能有效综合各个专家的意见,剔除专家之间打分
的不一致因素;最后本文用一个实例验证了本模型的有效性和可操作性。
关键词:IT 项目评标粗糙集模糊综合评判属性约减规则推理
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华中科技大学硕士学位论文
Abstract
With the development of the strategy to pull the industrialization by the
informationization in China, more and more enterprise focus on IT project and invest so
many resources and energy on it. Informationization has e a mainly approach to
enhance petence for enterprises. However, there are so many risks in implement
of IT project and statistic data shows that less than 30% of IT projects eed in achieve
the expected goals. Introduced in bidding petition in IT project, we can fairly
choose the best contractor, and it helps to control implement risk from the beginning and
guarantee project ess.
IT project bidding evaluation is more difficult in that it has a wide rang of unique
characters: often referring a great investment and plicated evaluation indexes,
the close bidders’ ability, the grate correlative degree and low diaphaneity of information,
the high dynamic munication, and there are many indexes that can’t be
quantitatively measured. Therefore it seems a nonstructural question, for which the
experience, knowledge and preference of the decision-maker play an important role in
decision-making. As plexity of decision process, it is believed that hardly th