文档介绍：Chapter 15
Tax Research
Learning Objectives
Describe the steps in the tax research process
Explain how the facts affect the tax results
Identify the sources of tax law and understand the authoritative value of each
Use the tax services to research an issue
Learning Objectives
Use the citator to assess authorities
Understand the basics puterized tax research
Understand the guidelines to which CPAs in tax practice should adhere
Prepare work papers munications to clients
Client-oriented Tax Research
Closed fact or pliance situations
Least amount of flexibility
Facts established
Best solution within predetermined constraints
• Open-fact or tax planning situations
help client structure transaction to reach his/her objective
Steps In Tax Research Process
DETERMINE THE FACTS
IDENTIFY THE ISSUES
LOCATE THE
APPLICABLE
AUTHORITIES
ASSESS & EVALUATE THE
AUTHORITIES
COMMUNICATE YOUR
CONCLUSIONS &
MENDATIONS
TO INTERESTED PARTY
ANALYZE THE FACTS IN TERMS OF THE APPLICABLE AUTHORITIES
How Do Facts Affect Tax Results?
Facts guide the issues and questions
In order to answer questions, must consult many sources
Interpretations
Typical Misconception
Many taxpayers think tax law is all black and white; most tax research deals with gray areas, previous findings, & interpretation
The Sources Of Tax Law
Statutory
Judicial
Administrative
Authoritative Value Of Tax Law Sources
The Internal Revenue Code which constitutes Title 26 of the Federal Statutes is the foundation of all tax law
Organizational Scheme Of The Internal Revenue Code
Title 26. All matters concerned with taxation
Subtitle A. e taxes
Chapter 1. Normal taxes and surtaxes
Subchapter A. Determination of tax liability
Part 1. Tax on individuals
Sec. 1. Tax imposed
Scheme for sections, subsections, etc
Sec. 165 (h) (2) (A) (i) (ii)
Section
Paragraph clauses
Subparagraph
Subsection