文档介绍：Chapter 2
Dynamic Games plete and Perfect
Information
In this chapter we introduce dynamic games.
We again restrict attention to games plete information(.,games in which the players’ payoff functions mon knowledge).We analyze dynamic games that have not plete but also perfect information, by which we mean that at each move in the game the player with the move
knows the full history of the play of the game
thus far.
The key features of a dynamic game plete and perfect information are that (ⅰ)the moves occur in sequence, (ⅱ)all previous moves are observed before the next move is chosen, and (ⅲ)the players’ payoffs from each bination of moves mon knowledge.
P72
一、Basic Problems of dynamic games
(一)Extensive-Form Representation of games
In chapter 1 we analyzed static games by
representing such games in normal form. We now analyze dynamic games by representing such games in extensive form. This expositional approach may make it seem that static games must be represented in normal form and dynamic games in extensive form, but this is not the case. Any game can be represented in
either normal or extensive form, although for
some games one of the two forms is more convenient to analyze. We will discuss how static games can be represented using the extensive form and how dynamic games can be represented using the normal form.
Recall from chapter 1 that the normal-form
representation of a game specifies: ……
博弈的扩展式表述
Definition The extensive-form representation of
a game specifies: (1)the players in the game, (2a)when each player has the move(.,the order of action ), (2b)what each player can do at each of his or her opportunities to move(.,the moves set of each player), (2c)what each player knows at each of his or her opportunities to move(.,if the players have perfect information), and (3)the payoff received by each player for bination of moves that could be chosen by the players.
Consider an example:Entry Deterrence
进入的障碍是垄断利润的重要根源。
它有时是自