文档介绍：Measuring the Cost of Living
Measuring the Cost of Living
Inflation refers to a situation in which the economy’s overall price level is rising.(通货膨胀指经济的总体物价水平上涨)
The inflation rate is the percentage change in the price level from the previous period.
The Consumer Price Index 消费价格指数
The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of the overall cost of the goods and services bought by a typical consumer.
消费价格指数(CPI) 衡量一个典型的消费者所购买的物品和劳务的全部成本.
The Consumer Price Index(CPI)
When the CPI rises, the typical family has to spend more dollars to maintain the same standard of living.
当CPI提高时,家庭必须要花更多的钱
How the CPI is Calculated
the Basket(固定篮子): Determine what prices are most important to the typical consumer.
确定对消费者来说,什么产品的价格是重要的
Housing
Food/Beverages
Transportation
Medical Care
Apparel
Recreation
Other
Education and
communication
What’s in the CPI’s Basket?
40%
16%
17%
6%
5%
6%
5%
5%
How the CPI Calculated
the Prices: Find the prices of each of the goods and services in the basket for each point in time.
找出篮子里每一种物品和劳务的价格
How the Consumer Price Index Is Calculated
pute the Basket’s Cost: Use the data on prices to calculate the cost of the basket of goods and services at different times.
使用价格的数据计算篮子里所有物品和劳务的成本
How the Consumer Price Index Is Calculated
a Base Year pute the Index(选择基年,计算价格指数):
Designate one year as the base pute the index by dividing the price of the basket in one year by the price in the base year and multiplying by 100.
How the Consumer Price Index Is Calculated
pute the inflation rate(计算通货膨胀率): The inflation rate is the percentage change in the price index from the preceding period.