文档介绍：Respiratory system
呼吸系统
The respiratory system includes the lung and a system of tubes(nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchus).
The epithelium of the respiratory system develops from connective tissue, cartilage and muscle develop from mesoderm . Development of the lungs begins at 4 weeks.
Introduction
Components:
鼻(nose)
咽(pharynx)
喉(larynx)
气管(trachea)※
支气管(bronchus)
肺(lung)※
Functions:
气体交换、发声 嗅觉、内分泌
一、鼻腔(Nasal cavity)
(一) 前庭部(vestibular region)
未角化复层扁平上皮
固有层(lamina propria) :
假复层纤毛柱状上皮
固有层:鼻腺,丰富的静脉丛和淋巴组织
(二)呼吸部(respiratory region)
The mucosa of the respiratory region warms, moistens, and filters inspired air.
1、嗅上皮( Olfactory epithelium) :
(1)嗅细胞(olfactory cells):
(2)支持细胞(supporting cells)
(3)基细胞(basal cells)
2、固有层:内有嗅神经和嗅腺
(三) 嗅部(olfactory region)
前庭部呼吸部嗅部 肉眼观有鼻毛粉红色黄色 上皮复层扁平假复层纤毛柱状假复层柱状 固有层无腺体鼻腺、静脉丛嗅腺 功能滤过空气湿润、净化空气嗅觉
鼻粘膜
三、气管(trachea)和支气管
黏膜(Mucosa)
黏膜下层(Submucosa)
外膜(Adventitia)
(一)黏膜(Mucosa)
假复层纤毛柱状上皮:
ciliated cell, goblet cell, basal cell, brush cell,
diffuse neuroendocrine cell
固有层:细密的结缔组织