文档介绍：Psychology as a Science
Theory development involves collecting interrelated ideas and observations
Taken together, these describe, explain, and predict behaviour
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Three Principles of Scientific Endeavour
One principle followed by scientists in trying to be empirical is objectivity
Being objective means not being biased or using preconceived notions
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Three Principles of Scientific Endeavour
A second principle is accuracy
Accuracy means gathering data in precise ways
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Three Principles of Scientific Endeavour
The third principle is healthy skepticism
Healthy skepticism means taking a cautious view of data, hypotheses, and theories
Principle of Convergence
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Scientific Method in Psychology
Scientists develop theories through the scientific method
The first step is to state the problem
The second step is to develop a hypothesis
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Scientific Method
Step three is to design a study
The fourth step is that data must be collected and analyzed
The fifth step is replicating the results
The sixth step is drawing conclusions and reporting results
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Experimental Method
Psychological research often takes the form of an experiment
The independent variable is manipulated by the experimenter
The second type of variable is the dependent variable
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Experimental Method
The experimental group “receives” the independent variable
The control group is parison group
Participants are randomly divided into two groups by random assignment
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