文档介绍：中文摘要
中世纪法国雇佣兵制度的出现对法国国王权力的增强有重要的意义, 12 世
纪,伴随着城市与商业的复兴,社会上的货币流通量增加,货币流通量和人口的
增加都为法国雇佣兵制度的出现奠定了基础。12 世纪末 13 世纪初,腓力二世给
法国王室带来了三倍于以往的领地,一方面,对领地的控制和新的官僚体系的建
立让王权大大增强;另一方面,采邑的货币化以及货币经济的发展让附庸们缴纳
免服兵役税以代替服兵役成为可能,同时,随着战争规模的扩大,国王越来越需
要更加专业的士兵作战,这样,使用雇佣兵作战便应运而生。
法国雇佣兵制度的出现与发展,一方面逐渐打破了原有的因为领有采邑而为
领主服兵役的采邑兵役制,士兵作战的报酬是薪饷。另一方面,雇佣兵役制的出
现让军队结构发生了变化,特别是歩兵的作用日益显现,骑士主导的战争成为过
去。同时,雇佣兵制度加强了法国的军事实力. 也为法国常备军的出现奠定了基
础。
关键词:法国中世纪采邑雇佣兵制度
a b str a c t
T he M ediev al F ran ce m ercenaries system fo F ran ce in th e pow er o f the king h as
im portant m eaning to strength en , in the 12th century, w ith th e renaissan ce of city and
bu siness, the m onetary circu lation increased in society, m onetary flow and th e
increase of popu lation laid a found ation for th e em ergen ce of F ren ch m ercen aries
system , in th e last stage of 12th and the first of century 13th century. Philip ii brought
three tim es as the dom ain o f th e past for th e French ro yal, on th e on e h an d , th e contro l
of the territory and the n ew bureaucrats system h ad a greatly enh ance of kingship ;
O n th e other h and, th e m on ey fief and th e d ev elopm ent of m onetary econom ic allow
vassals to pay th e scutage in lieu of m ilitary service b ecom es possib le, at th e sam e
tim e, along w ith the expan sion of th e scale of th e w ar, th e king need the m ore
profession al soldiers fou ght m ore and m ore, so , u se m ercen aries fightin g w e
into b eing .
T he app earance and developm ent of French m ercen aries system , on the one
hand, h as broken th e origin al m ilitary service system of fiefs, w hich the v assals serve
in the arm y b ecause of fiefs that possess from lords, the rem uneration of soldiers
fought is soldier's pay. O n th e other hand, the m ilitary service system of em ploym ent
have m ade arm y 's structure chan ges, esp ecially the increasingly im portan t role in th e
infantry, knigh t of th e leading to w ar b ecom e a thin g of the