文档介绍：华中科技大学
硕士学位论文
重金属污染土壤的化学稳定化修复研究
姓名:祝玺
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:分析化学
指导教师:陆晓华
2011-01-09
华中科技大学硕士学位论文
摘要
土壤重金属污染已成为全球性的环境问题,正日益引起人们的关注。治理重金
属污染土壤的方法有很多,其中以化学稳定化操作简单、成本低且适用范围宽而得
到广泛应用。目前,研究最多的为以磷酸盐和氧化钙修复土壤。
大冶市域内有着丰富的矿产资源,种类多、储量大,形成了以冶金、建材为主
的产业。但长期以来,这些冶金厂在为国家及地区创造丰厚的物质财富的同时,排
出的废物也对厂区周边环境造成了严重污染。土壤中重金属含量严重超标。
本文以大冶实际污染土壤为研究对象,采用磷酸盐及氢氧化钙作为稳定化药剂
固定土壤中重金属,确定了最优的稳定化条件,并将该技术应用于实际重金属污染
土壤的修复。本文主要研究内容如下:
(1)研究了土壤中重金属有效态的提取方法和条件,确定了MgCl2和HAc作为
有效态提取剂,并对提取条件进行优化: mol
L- mol L-1,提取剂与土壤的液固比为20:1,提取18 h。
(2)研究了以磷酸盐及氢氧化钙为稳定化药剂对土壤中重金属的稳定化效果。
单一固定剂对土壤中重金属的稳定化效果较差。10 % KH2PO4和5 % Ca(OH)2的复合
使用,可有效的将土壤中有效态Pb、Zn完全去除,对有效态Cd、Cu的去除率分别为
29 %、75 %。土壤中有效磷含量为388 mg kg-1,。
(3)以大冶实际场地作为研究对象, % % Ca(OH)2进行
原位修复:, % %,有效磷含
mg kg-1;花生产量基本保持不变,果实中的各重金属含量均略有下降。

关键词:KH2PO4 Ca(OH)2 重金属污染土壤化学稳定化
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华中科技大学硕士学位论文
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has e a global problem which increasingly draw
attention of people. Among of various methods to remove heavy metal, the chemical
stabilization process is most widely used because of its advantages such as low cost and
good flexibility. Especially, the phosphate-based and CaO-based chemical stabilization
has been intensely studied to treat heavy metal.
The city of Daye is rich of mineral resources with various types and huge amount,
and its industrial development is based on a metallurgical, building materials-based
industry. For a long time, the metallurgical plant created rich material wealth for the
country and regions, but it led to the discharged waste and consequently caused serious
pollutions to the surrounding environment. It has been found excessive heavy metals in
soil.
In this paper, phosphate and Calcium hydroxide were used as the stabilizing agents to
eliminate heavy metals. Various reaction conditions were optimized to get the favorable
removal efficiency. Moreover, such chemical stab