文档介绍：学习英语发音追本溯源就必须了解英语发音词典。通过英语发音词典,我们能够深刻理解英语发音,包括英式和美式发音的区别和联系。我们现在通常使用的第十五版国际音标,在本发音词典前言中给出了全面的说明。
在此基础上,我推荐使用海词词典标注英语音标的方式。音标发音推荐使用剑桥英语发音词典和朗文发音词典。这两个都有对应发音词典软件,可作为参考。
一、英语发音词典第十五版
简介:第十五版 Daniel Jones Edited by Peter Roach & James Hartman 英国剑桥大学出版社授权上海外语教育出版社出版发行 1999年6月第1版 2000年3月第二次印刷
Symbols used for the transcriptions
Vowel Phonemes:
British: American:
I as in ‘pit’ I as in ‘pit’
e as in ‘pet’ e as in ‘pet’
æ as in ‘pat’æ as in ‘pat’
ʌ as in ‘cut’ʌ as in ‘cut’
ɒ as in ‘pot’ʊ as in ‘put’
ʊ as in ‘put’ə as in ‘potato’‘America’
ə as in ‘potato’‘upper’
iː as in ‘key’
iː as in ‘key’ɑː as in ‘father’
ɑː as in ‘car’ɔː as in ‘caught’
ɔː as in ‘core’ɜːr as in ‘bird’
uː as in ‘coo’ eɪ as in ‘bait’
ɜː as in ‘cur’ oʊ as in ‘boat’
eɪ as in ‘bay’ aʊ as in ‘house’
aɪ as in ‘buy’ aɪ as in ‘high’
ɔɪ as in ‘boy’ɔɪ as in ‘boy’
əʊ as in ‘low’
aʊ as in ‘how’ɚ(“r-coloured schwa” as in ‘mother’
ɪə as in ‘here’
eə as in ‘there’
ʊə as in ‘moor’
Consonant Phonemes
p as in ‘pea’ b as in ‘bee’
t as in ‘tea’ d as in ‘do’
k as in ‘key’ g as in ‘go’
f as in ‘fat’ v as in ‘vat’
θ as in ‘thin’ð as in ‘that’
s as in ‘sip’ z as in ‘zip’
ʃ as in ‘ship’ʒ as in ‘measure’
h as in ‘hat’
m as in ‘map’ l as in ‘led’
n as in ‘nap’ r as in ‘red’
ŋ as in ‘hang’ j as in ‘yet’
w as in ‘wet’
tʃ as in ‘chin’ dʒ as in ‘gin’
Non-phonemic symbols for English
i as in ‘react’、‘happy’
u as in ‘to each’‘influenza’
ə (superscript schwa) as in ‘sudden’/’sʌd. ən/vowel may be pronounced or may be omitted with the following consonant ing syllabic.
l (syllabic /l/ as in ‘bottle’
(“flapped /t/”)(American pronunciation) as in ’better’
Symbols for other languages
x (voiceless velar fricative) as in ‘loch’‘bach’
(nasalized vowels) as in French’vin’,’change’,’mon’,’Lebrun’
hl (voiceless lateral fricative) as in Welsh’Llangotlen’
Prosodic marks
ˈ(primary stress) as in ‘better’/ˈbet. ə/
ˌ(secondary stress) as in ‘retell’/ˌriːˈtel/
. (syllable division) as in ‘differ’/dɪf